The invention discloses a three-dimensional image iterative registration method, which comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring a
reference image and a target image, calculating the central coordinates of each vertebral section of the
reference image and the target image, and obtaining an initial transformation relationship between the
reference image and the target image; (2) generating a plurality of reference cross-section images in the reference image, and intercepting the target image according to the step (1) to obtain a corresponding target cross-section image; (3) performing optimal
similarity matching on a certain target cross-section image and the corresponding reference cross-section image to obtain the transformation quantity, and calculating to obtain the
pose of the corresponding target cross-section coordinate
system; (4) judging whether the
pose increments of the plurality of target section coordinate systems are all smaller than a set threshold, and if so, calculating a final transformation relation between the reference image coordinate
system and the target image coordinate
system; otherwise, updating the transformation quantity and the
pose of the corresponding target section coordinate system, and repeating the step. According to the invention, accurate registration between the two vertebral section images can be rapidly completed, the efficiency is high, the adaptability is high, and a good registration effect can be achieved for poor image data.