250 results about "Orthogonal plane" patented technology

Method and apparatus for determining the instantaneous location, the orientation of an object moving through a three-dimensional space by applying to the object a coil assembly including a plurality of sensor coils (20) having axes of known orientation with respect to each other including components in the three orthogonal planes; generating a time-varying, three-dimensional magnetic field gradient having known instantaneous values of magnitude and direction; applying the magnetic field gradient to the space, and object moving therethrough to induce electrical potentials in the sensor coils; measuring the instantaneous values of the induced electrical potentials generated in the sensor coils; processing the measured instantaneous values generated in the sensor coils together with the known magnitude, direction of the generated magnetic field gradient, the known relative orientation of the sensor coils in the coil assembly to compute the instantaneous location, orientation of the object within the space.

A ladder for use with a clip applying device may include first and second protrusions extending from an end of the ladder along a lateral plane generally coplanar with the ladder or an orthogonal plane generally orthogonal to the ladder, in which the ladder may serially urge a clip outward from the surgical stapler, and the first and second protrusions may abut a cartridge in which the ladder is disposed.

A two-dimensional slice formed of pixels (376) is extracted from the angiographic image (76) after enhancing the vessel edges by second order spatial differentiation (78). Imaged vascular structures in the slice are located (388) and flood-filled (384). The edges of the filled regions are iteratively eroded to identify vessel centers (402). The extracting, locating, flood-filling, and eroding is repeated (408) for a plurality of slices to generate a plurality of vessel centers (84) that are representative of the vascular system. A vessel center (88) is selected, and a corresponding vessel direction (92) and orthogonal plane (94) are found. The vessel boundaries (710) in the orthogonal plane (94) are identified by iteratively propagating (704) a closed geometric contour arranged about the vessel center (88). The selecting, finding, and estimating are repeated for the plurality of vessel centers (84). The estimated vessel boundaries (710) are interpolated (770) to form a vascular tree (780).

Methods and a system for manipulating objects in a 3D virtual scene are disclosed. Two different mechanisms are used for a user interface, including a first hand and a second hand of a user. The first hand manipulates translational manipulation of the virtual object, such as displacement of the object in three orthogonal planes. The second hand manipulates rotational manipulation of the object. While the interface uses and recognizes different hands for manipulation of the object, it also uses three digits or fingers of different hands to control height, speed, translational and rotational movements.

An ultrasonic imaging array has two independent, interleaved linear subarrays occupying a common array face. The subarrays are independently steerable and focusable in different imaging planes. The subelements making up the elements in of the subarrays is preferably quadrilateral. Adjacent subelements in each element are electrically connected via an interconnect portion such that the interconnect portion connecting each pair of adjacent subelements in each element is substantially linear and is aligned with the diagonals of the adjacent subelements. A preferred acoustic lens is curved in both azimuth and elevation directions, whereby the subarrays are independently focusable. By transmitting in one plane and simultaneously receiving in a different, orthogonal plane, a system including the array can image a 3-D region of interest (ROI). In a volumetric embodiment of the invention two orthogonal B-mode images of a structure within the ROI are displayed simultaneously. The user may then trace the outlines of the images and the system therefrom calculates the volume of the structure.

A method of calibrating a probe mounted on a machine in which the probe has a probe calibration matrix which relates the probe outputs in three orthogonal axes to the machine's X, Y and Z coordinate system. A datum ball mounted on the machine is bi-directionally scanned by the probe in one or more planes. For each plane, the mean direction of two approximate probe vectors in the plane is rotated about an axis orthogonal to that plane until the apparent material condition from the scan in each direction is the same. This process may be iterative. The mean values of the directions of the probe vectors for each plane are rotated, thus forming a corrected probe calibration matrix. The datum ball is preferably bi-directionally scanned in three orthogonal planes.

An optoelectronic interconnect module comprising a housing having a first aperture on a first side of the housing for receiving an optical ferrule and a second aperture on a second side of the housing for receiving a semiconductor die. A mirror is mounted within the housing at an angle for reflecting optical transmissions between the first and second apertures. A first optical lens is mounted between the first aperture and the mirror, and a second optical lens is mounted between the second aperture and the mirror. The optoelectronic interconnect module transmits an electronically modulated optical signal between an optical fiber in the first aperture and an optoelectronic semiconductor die adjacent to the second aperture within a mutually orthogonal plane.

Apparatus and methods for repairing a cardiac valve, e.g., a mitral valve, are provided. The apparatus may include an expandable frame defining a curved structure in the expanded deployed state and a membrane coupled to the expandable frame. The membrane may curve around a native leaflet, e.g., the posterior leaflet, in a first plane and curve around another leaflet, e.g., the anterior leaflet, in an orthogonal plane. The membrane may be adapted to be suspended in the flow path of the cardiac valve such a first surface of the membrane abuts the native leaflet during systole and a second surface of the membrane abuts the other native leaflet during systole, thereby reducing cardiac valve regurgitation.

The present invention provides for a method of three dimensional temperature monitoring based in hyperthermic procedures, the heat dissipation, and therefore, temperature variations, does not change dramatically over a spatial region and, second, temperature change, which manifests itself as the phase change, has different characteristics compared to the anatomic magnitude image. Therefore the present invention exploits these facts to provide a method for acquiring the temperature map of three orthogonal planes nearly simultaneously.

The invention relates to a material mechanical property in-situ testing system and method in a dynamic and static load spectrum, and belongs to the field of mechanical tests. The system integrates the following functions: a static testing function of biaxial drawing and shearing in an orthogonal plane, a shearing static testing function, a double shaft pull-pull mode fatigue testing function, and a static / dynamic press testing function. A complicated static / dynamic load spectrum can be established. Multi-mode composite load mechanical property evaluation can be performed on a film material or a block material, for example: high-cycle fatigue tests based on double-shaft pre-stretching load and impact press tests based on double-shaft stretching-shearing pre-load. At the same time, special defects are pre-fabricated on the central area and cross shaped arm area of a test piece; the analysis functions of a variable-zoom optical imaging system or a digital speckle strain analysis system can be utilized; the provided system and method can also be used to research the deformation behavior and cracking expansion rules of micro defects in a component under a multi-dimensional stress, and an evaluation tool is provided for performance degradation rules of products and optimized preparation method of materials.

An image stabilizer includes: an optical system movable in a plane perpendicular to an optical axis (“orthogonal plane”) and correcting image blur; a movable member holding the optical system and movable relative to a fixed member in an orthogonal plane; a guide guiding the movable member while preventing from rotating in an orthogonal plane; three first balls rollably interposed between the fixed and guide members; two second balls rollably interposed between the guide and movable members; one third ball rollably interposed between the fixed and movable members; a biasing unit biasing the movable member toward the fixed member; and a drive unit driving the movable member relative to the fixed member in two directions perpendicular to the optical axis, wherein in an orthogonal plane, two of the first balls are rollable only in first direction; the second balls are rollable only in second direction different from the first direction.

The invention discloses a gesture recognition method based on depth images. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring depth images in a training data set and a test date set by virtue of a depth sensor; calculating the minimal depth values of human body regions in the images, and partitioning gestures in the depth images by use of a depth threshold in combination with a preset condition that a human hand is an object nearest to the sensor; then acquiring projection drawings of the gesture on three orthogonal planes, namely a front-view projection drawing, a side-view projection drawing and a top-view projection drawing; further extracting the outline fragment packet characteristics of the three projection drawings and cascading to form a characteristic vector of the original depth gesture; and finally classifying the gesture characteristic vectors acquired from the depth images to be recognized by virtue of a training classifier, thereby obtaining recognition results of the to-be-recognized gestures. The invention further provides a corresponding gesture recognition system. The method is simple and practical in gesture recognition, high in popularization capability and high in recognition accuracy and can be used for effectively overcoming the influence of adverse factors such as busy background, illumination, noises and self occlusion.

A method for making a horn antenna array includes the steps of making planar boards with surface conductor or metallization defining a plurality of side-by-side horns, and with horn feed conductors extending to an edge of the boards. The edges of the board are metallized in a pattern to define feed pads in contact with the feed conductors. Slots are cut in the boards on the axes of the horns so that two orthogonal boards can be joined together for “radiation” in mutually orthogonal planes. A surface-conducive dielectric support defines surface pads in a pattern that matches the pattern of feed pads in a set of joined boards, and through vias connect from the surface pads to lower layers, which may include a beamformer, for making individual connections to the horns.

The invention provides a two-dimensional and three-dimensional medical image registration method, which can quickly carry out registration on an intra-operative two-dimensional X-ray image and a preoperative three-dimensional CT (Computed Tomography) image. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional medical image registration method comprises the following steps: carrying out filtering preprocessing on the three-dimensional CT image, projecting the three-dimensional CT image in two mutually-orthogonal plane systems to obtain two corresponding digitally reconstructed radiograph (DRR) sets according to a maximum intensity projection (MIP) algorithm; obtaining two two-dimensional X-ray images on another two orthogonal planes, and carrying out the filtering preprocessing on the two-dimensional X-ray image; carrying out traversal on the two DRR sets, and carrying out registration on the two DRR sets and another two orthogonal two-dimensional X-ray images so as to determine a corresponding most similar DRR as well as the in-plane position coordinate, the in-plane rotation angle and an out-of-plane rotation angle of the DRR; converting the coordinate and the angles to be under a three-dimensional CT image coordinate system to obtain six registration parameters. According to the method, the X-ray image and the CT image which is generated in advance can be subjected to accurate and quick real-time registration.

The invention provides a stereoscopic vision system and the application thereof to real time monitoring of a three-dimensional safety warning area. The stereoscopic vision system comprises a computerized binocular stereoscopic vision system designed by imitating human eyes; two groups of binocular cameras are respectively placed outside two orthogonal planes in a stereoscopic space being monitored, namely the three-dimensional safety warning area, so as to observe the same object; two groups of disparity maps are respectively obtained through a stereoscopic matching module; the depth and the position information of the object are computed, namely two groups of space coordinates comprising depth maps are respectively computed in a real time manner; and the application steps comprise the determination of elevation angles of the binocular cameras, the conversion of a coordinate system and the delimitation of the three-dimensional safety warning area. Functions of real-time monitoring of the space coordinates of objects inside and outside the three-dimensional safety warning area, and real-time warning when the object to be monitored exceeds the restriction and the constraint of the area, namely the distances from the point of the object to the planes of the three-dimensional safety warning area are smaller than the safety distance are successfully realized, the limitation existing when three-dimensional space information of the object is detected by a single group of binocular cameras is effectively overcome, and the monitoring effect is remarkably improved.

A gutter cleaner having a head and a handle. The head is tubular and has a bend and a nozzle. The bend curves in two orthogonal planes, through an angle of 135.degree. to 195.degree. in one plane and through an angle of 15.degree. to 60.degree. in the other plane. The nozzle has an egress with one dimension being narrower than the other. The head and handle slidably fitting together and are secured to fix their relative positions. The lower end of the handle is adapted to attach to a vacuum source. The handle has a textured surface for gripping and eyelets for removably attaching a shoulder strap. Optionally, the handle has two sections that are slidably fitted together and that can be secured relative to each other.

The invention discloses a living body face detection method based on WLD-TOP (Weber Local Descriptor-Three Orthogonal Planes). The method comprises the following steps: (1) training stage: reading a training set video, performing face region detection on each frame, converting the frames into a gray level facial image frame sequence to construct a three-dimensional image matrix, constructing a filtering template, calculating WLD features, generating a WLD-TOP feature vector, and inputting the feature vector into an SVM classifier for training to establish an SVM model; and (2) testing stage: for an image sequence under test, performing face detection on each frame, converting the frames into a gray level facial image sequence, constructing a three-dimensional image matrix and a filtering template, calculating WLD features, generating a WLD-TO feature vector, and feeding the WLD-TOP feature vector into a trained SVM model to obtain a living body face detection result. The Weber law is adopted on the basis of the LBP-TOP, so that the size relationships between neighborhood pixels and a center pixel are reflected, and the differences between the neighborhood pixels and the center pixel are quantified. Thus, the features of a descriptor are more complete.

An imaging device includes an axial-direction moving member which moves between an operating position and a retracted position in an optical axis direction, an in-plane moving optical element movable in a plane orthogonal to the optical axis, a controller which moves the in-plane moving optical element in the orthogonal plane to a reference position when the image device changes from the operating state to the retracted state, and a mechanical guide device, provided between the axial-direction moving member and the in-plane moving optical element. In a state where the in-plane moving optical element is deviated from the reference position, the mechanical guide device guides the in-plane moving optical element to the reference position by using a moving force of the axial-direction moving member when the axial-direction moving member moves from the operating position to the retracted position.

A uniform surface light source which is formed by assembly belongs to the technical field of packaging and application of light-emitting diodes. The uniform surface light source is characterized in that the uniform surface light source is formed by horizontally assembling a plurality of light-emitting diode-based surface light source modules, and each surface light source module comprises a light-emitting diode light source and a uniform light-collimation optical mechanism which leads light emitted by the light-emitting diode light source to generate similar uniform illumination on an emergent plane after the refraction and / or reflection and leads the emergent direction to be parallel to the central axis of the light. The collimation mechanism is a collimation panel, the center thereof is a convex lens, the periphery is a group of prisms with cross sections which are congruent triangles, and the projections of the prisms on an orthogonal plane of the central axis are a group of concentric circles. The uniform surface light source can obtain good uniformity of emergent light under the premise of ensuring high efficiency, thereby having broad prospects in backlight sources of liquid crystal display devices which are arranged in personal computers, vehicle navigation systems, handheld telephones and other devices, lamps for ordinary indoor lighting and other application aspects.

A method for printing a desired pattern into a photosensitive layer that includes providing a mask bearing a pattern of linear features that are parallel to a first direction, arranging the layer parallel to and separated from said mask, generating substantially monochromatic light, and illuminating the mask pattern with said light over a range of angles of incidence in a plane parallel to said first direction, at substantially a single angle in an orthogonal plane of incidence and so that the light of each angle of incidence transmitted by the mask forms a light-field component at the layer whereby the integration of said components prints the desired pattern, wherein the range of angles is selected so that the integration of said components is substantially equivalent to an average of the range of transversal intensity distributions formed between Talbot image planes by light at one of the angles of incidence.

A replaceable cover for a handle in public use, comprising a soft, molded elastomeric membrane of thickness in the range 0.01 to 0.25 inch impregnated with an antimicrobial agent, that is sufficiently flexible to be stretched over and snugly form fit and self-retained on the handle without adhesive. The membrane can be a thin, hollow shell that is open at one end and has three mutually orthogonal axes on respective mutually orthogonal planes. The membrane forms a surface that is traceable as a substantially continuously curved line in each of these planes from a fixed center within the shell, spanning at least about 270 degrees about the center. The invention is also directed to the combination of a handle having a body and a rigidly projecting rotatable stem, with a replaceable, stretchable, elastomeric cover impregnated with an antimicrobial agent that is snugly form fit onto the body over at least about 65% and preferably at least 75% of the surface area of the body.

To allow safe treatment of a patient, in particular a puncture or biopsy using a needle, a 2D sectional image of an implant plane and a further 2D sectional image of an orthogonal plane are generated from a 3D image data record of a region to be examined. The two planes are hereby oriented such that the needle is on the one hand located within the implant plane and on the other hand is oriented in a perpendicular manner in respect of the orthogonal plane. The in particular parallel display of the 2D images allows the doctor to acquire the relative position of the needle in relation to the region to be examined in a simple and intuitive manner.

This invention uses the CT (Computer Tomography) principle to obtain nondestructive image of different x-ray attenuation inside an object. In order to have fast data acquisition and high resolution, a cone beam source and a 2-D detector surface are necessary. However, for good cone beam image reconstruction datasets from 2 orthogonal planes about the object are required (U.S. Pat. No. 5,375,156,) December 1994 of Kuo-Petravic and Hupke), thus making its implementation difficult as well as raising the cost of the scanner. Here, we suggest a practical way of implementing the 2 orthogonal planes theory by replacing the 2 gantry rotations by 2 rotations of only one fixed gantry and one movement of the object position, making it simple and low cost. This method is applied to the nonintrusive inspection of baggage or imaging of mice for pharmaceutical purposes where the object has to remain in a horizontal plane throughout the procedure. This algorithm can also be applied to nondestructive testing of any solid materials, for example: imperfections in semi-conductors, fracture in turbo-engine blades, composition of uranium drums etc.

Apparatus for producing magnetic resonance (MR) images of a subject over a limited volume, including a patient table, and a shielded unit housed under the patient table, the shielded unit including an RF pulse generator module, a magnet assembly for producing a static magnetic field in magnetic structure including a shaped magnetic “C” core, a gradient field generating assembly for generating magnetic field gradients in two orthogonal planes for producing MR images, a radiofrequency (RF) coil assembly for transmitting a broad band radiofrequency pulse and a RF field matching structure to simulate an infinite volume to the RF coil assembly, wherein the RF coil assembly detects a plurality of MR signals induced from a subject in response to RF pulses from the RF pulse generator.

A device (1) for measuring the relative orientation according to at least one degree of freedom for two objects, including a constraint generator (10) suitable for causing a goniometric sensor (40) to move in a plane, having the function of measuring the variation of relative orientation of the two objects in this plane. The goniometric sensor (40) is arranged in a housing (41) that crosses longitudinally the constraint generator (10), which has high flexional stiffness in a first longitudinal plane (β) and a low flexional stiffness in a second longitudinal plane (φ) orthogonal to the first (β) . The sensor measures rotations in a plane and the constraint generator induces a rotation in that plane. With the device (1) a data suit (50) can be made for measuring the movement of limbs of an individual. For example, arranging three devices (10a, 10b, 10c) in series, but capable of measuring angles in orthogonal planes, the rotation can be measured of the arm (76) with respect to a shoulder (75) of an individual.

The invention provides a device for measuring a normal vector at an arbitrary point on a free-form surface and a measuring method thereof. The device comprises a body fixing assembly and four deflected angle measuring mechanisms. The four deflected angle measuring mechanisms form a cross-shaped structure which is installed on the body fixing assembly. Each deflected angle measuring mechanism comprises angle sensors, contact rods and spherical contacts. The measuring shafts of opposite angle sensors are parallel and the measuring shafts of adjacent angle sensors are vertical. The central line of two opposite spherical contacts is vertical to that of another two opposite spherical contacts. The two central lines are intersected with the central axis of external machining arms. The measuringmethod comprises the steps of: during measurement, marking curves on the free-form surface twice respectively through four spherical contacts to form an orthogonal plane; correcting the angle of the central axis of external machining arms; and further obtaining the normal vector of the point to measure. With adoption of the method provided by the invention, less measuring data points are employedwithout the complex process of surface fitting and the precision of the device meets the actual requirements when curved surface with greater curvature is measured so that the invention is convenientto use.

A robotic arm is provided, for example for inspecting a rotary machine such as a gas turbine engine. The arm has a plurality of groups of links having articulations therebetween for movement in a first plane, the groups having articulations with respect to each other for movement in a second orthogonal plane. Thus the arm can move around objects such as aerofoils in the engine, and also move up or down to remain close to the rotary surface of the machine.

The invention discloses an orthogonal plane calibrating method and an orthogonal plane calibrating system of relation between a laser distance measuring device and an end of a mechanical arm. The laser distance measuring device is fixedly disposed on the end of the mechanical arm, and the calibrating planes, which are orthogonal to each other, are disposed in the space. Under the driving of the rotating translational motion of the mechanical arm, the posture of the laser distance measuring device can be changed, and the distance d measured by the laser distance measuring device can be used to solve the translational vector r and the unit direction vector v of the laser beam, and the calibrating of the space transformation relation between the laser distance measuring device and the end of the mechanical arm can be completed. The reconstruction of the point x of the object in the three-dimensional object can be realized according to the x=r+dv. The transformation relation between the coordinate system of the end of the mechanical arm and the coordinate system of the laser distance measuring device can be determined clearly. By using the calibrating plane as the orthogonal plane and adopting the non-linear optimization method, the coplanarity of the points can be fully used as the constraint condition to solve the calibrating problem of the space transformation relation, and therefore the constraint condition can be added, the errors can be reduced, the noise interference can be reduced, the robustness and the easy implementation of the method can be improved, and the calibrating precision of the space transformation relation can be improved.

A radio frequency coil assembly for use in a magnetic resonance system comprises a set of conductors for detecting magnetic resonance signals in three orthogonal planes and capacitors for resonating the set of conductors at a predetermined frequency. A conductor of the set of conductors is placed on each edge of a cube-shaped volume and the capacitors are placed on each conductor of the set of conductors such that each conductor has substantially equal effective capacitance.A four element band pass birdcage coil comprises two square end ring segments, each end ring segment comprising four sides of equal length, and four rungs of length equal to a side of the end ring segment, and wherein four rungs join in respective corners of the end ring segments.