The invention discloses a method for fastening a member with high strength and low riveting force and a 10.9-level short-tail pulling rivet. The method comprises the following steps that: 1) the rivet consists of a rivet head, an unloading groove, a polished rod, a locking ring groove section, a threaded section and a tail thin short ring groove section; the radius of the inner curved surface of a locking groove is reduced from front to back; the angle of the inner inclined plane of the tail is reduced from front to back; a lantern ring is provided with a convex point, and a latch is arranged in an inner hole; 2) the rivet penetrates, the latch is screwed into the threaded section, and the lantern ring is hooked with the rivet; 3) the rivet extends into a riveting device, and a clamping jaw clamps the tail; 4) the riveting device is started, the lantern ring is extruded to deform to lock a ring groove, and the lantern ring moves forwards to break the convex point; and 5) the riveting device retreats, and fastening is finished. The unloading groove can eliminate stress concentration in riveting and use. The locking groove promotes metal flowing of the lantern ring during riveting and blocks metal flowing of the lantern ring in vibration or separation after riveting, so that fastening property and loosening resistance are improved. Due to the tail groove shape, the clamping jaw is engaged with the tail without releasing, and riveting with low riveting force is promoted. Due to the latch, the lantern ring is convenient to hook, install and operate. The rivet is applied to railway vehicles and heavy trucks with high requirements for fastening property and reliability.