The invention discloses a configuration switching method of an LTE (Long Term Evolution) system under a high-speed mobile context. The method comprises the following steps that a physical layer of a source base station carries out Doppler frequency offset estimation, carries out statistics and sampling on a Doppler frequency offset value, and reports to a high level before a user terminal measurement report is received; a terminal sends a measurement report message to the source base station; after the source base station receives the user terminal measurement report, the source base station carries out a switching judgment, if switching is allowed, the source base station synchronously initiates a switching request and carries the Doppler frequency offset value; after a target subject receives the switching request, the target subject audits resources, if switching is allowed, the target subject synchronously carries out local configuration, analyzes the Doppler frequency offset value and configures to the physical layer; and after the target subject completes configuration, the target subject replies a switching request response message. According to the method, the condition of failed switching of a target cell, which is caused by carrying out frequency offset estimation again, can be avoided, and the switching success rate is improved. In addition, the additional time caused by difficulty in random access due to poor channel quality of the target cell can be reduced, and the switching delay is reduced.