A carbon fiber composite material with a multi-scale high temperature resistant interface structure and its preparation method

Abstract

The invention relates to a carbon fiber composite material with a multi-scale high temperature resistant interface structure and a preparation method thereof. Improve the surface activity of carbon fiber through one-step anodic oxidation rapid treatment based on the principle of high-current electrolysis, and use ultrasonic-assisted constant-voltage directional electrophoretic deposition to quickly and efficiently deposit nanoparticles on the surface of anodized carbon fiber, and further coat the surface of carbon fiber on this basis The high-temperature-resistant polymer layer constructs a "sand-cement" characteristic multi-scale high-temperature-resistant interface based on nanoparticle / high-temperature-resistant polymer composites. Through the synergistic effect of nanoparticles and high-temperature-resistant polymers, the mechanical bonding and chemical bonding capabilities of the interface area are effectively improved, and the temperature resistance level of the carbon fiber composite material interface is significantly improved, thereby improving the overall high temperature resistance of the composite material. It can be used in Application fields of high-performance composite materials such as aerospace and rail transportation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of carbon fiber resin-based composite materials, and mainly relates to a carbon fiber composite material with a multi-scale high temperature resistant interface structure and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] With the development of aerospace, wind energy and automobile industries, the application of carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites under extreme conditions has become another pursuit goal following the pursuit of light weight and high strength requirements. There are examples of high-temperature application scenarios in many aspects such as aerospace: such as advanced fan case structures, liquid fuel casings, engine exhaust structures, engine nacelles, etc. These materials often suffer from life-span due to thermo-mechanical stress loads and environmental degradation. Transient, therefore, there is an increasing demand for high temperature resistant carbon fiber reinforced co...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in the face of the ever-increasing batch application scenarios of carbon fiber, chemical grafting, vapor deposition, and supramolecular self-assembly all have defects that are difficult to scale up.

Chinese patent (CN105239357A) discloses a method for chemically grafting graphene oxide on the surface of carbon fibers. The introduction of functional groups solves the problem of inertness on the surface of carbon fibers and improves the shear strength of the carbon fiber / epoxy resin interface. However, concentrated acid oxidation and surface ammoniation The surface treatment method of carbon fiber has a large damage to the performance of carbon fiber body, and due to the large amount of strong acid used, it does not conform to the development direction of green chemistry; Chinese patent (CN107629224A) discloses a carbon nanotube sizing agent modified carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin base The preparation method of composite materials, the introduction of carbon nanotubes can effectively improve the "bridging" effect of the interface, but the carbon nanotubes are easy to agglomerate, and the interface between the untreated carbon tubes and the resin matrix is ​​poor, which is easy to cause stress concentration

J.L.Thomason and L.Yang (Thomason J L, Yang L. Temperature dependence of the interfacial shear strength in glass–fibre polypropylene composites [J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2011, 71 (13): 1600-1605.) use the Raghava model to The relationship between the radial thermal residual stress of the interface and the thermal expansion system tree, fiber volume content, test temperature, etc. was analyzed, and it was found that the glass transition temperature of the interface phase was an important factor, but no effective solution was proposed

Generally speaking, for the research on the high temperature resistance modification of the carbon fiber composite material interface, there are mainly the following technical problems: 1. The binding force between the nanoparticles and the carbon fiber surface is weak, and the operation of introducing nanoparticles into the carbon fiber surface is uncontrollable and damages the carbon fiber surface. Carbon fiber has its own strength, but it is prone to uneven coating; 2. The normal temperature interface performance of carbon fiber composite materials can be effectively improved through carbon fiber surface modification, but it is difficult to achieve the synchronous improvement of the normal temperature performance and high temperature performance of the carbon fiber composite material interface. 3. In the The interface region of the composite material does not form an effective high temperature resistant continuous phase, resulting in low temperature resistance of the composite material

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