39 results about "Antagonist muscle" patented technology

At least partial function of a human limb is restored by surgically removing at least a portion of an injured or diseased human limb from a surgical site of an individual and transplanting a selected muscle into the remaining biological body of the individual, followed by contacting the transplanted selected muscle, or an associated nerve, with an electrode, to thereby control a device, such as a prosthetic limb, linked to the electrode. Simulating proprioceptive sensory feedback from a device includes mechanically linking at least one pair of agonist and antagonist muscles, wherein a nerve innervates each muscle, and supporting each pair with a support, whereby contraction of the agonist muscle of each pair will cause extension of the paired antagonist muscle. An electrode is implanted in a muscle of each pair and electrically connected to a motor controller of the device, thereby simulating proprioceptive sensory feedback from the device.

A method and apparatus for applying neuromuscular electrical stimulation to an agonist / antagonist muscle pair to move a limb about a joint includes generating a first pattern of neuromuscular electrical stimulation pulses for output through a first channel to a first pair of electrodes and generating a second pattern of neuromuscular stimulation pulses for output through a second channel to a second pair of electrodes. The first pair of electrodes are attached to the agonist muscle of the agonist / antagonist muscle pair, and the second pair of electrodes are attached to the antagonist muscle. A first pattern of electrical stimulation pulses is transmitted through the first pair of electrodes to the agonist muscle at a first intensity level to initiate contraction of the agonist muscle, and then at a second intensity level which is less than the first intensity level to continue contraction of the agonist muscle. A second pattern of electrical stimulation pulses is transmitted through the second pair of electrodes to the antagonist muscle at a first intensity level to reduce the acceleration of the limb, and then at a second intensity level which is less than the first intensity level to regulate the movement of the limb.

A portable motion control apparatus drives a user's extremity emulating the user's tremor. The driving motion entrains the tremor motion and stretches muscles evoking stretch reflexes in agonist and antagonist muscles used to maintain muscle tone. The motion applies a heightened and coordinated demand on the neuromuscular components of multiple stretch reflex circuits thereby effectuating neuromuscular plasticity; the retention of neuromuscular changes made to meet the heightened demands. Muscle tone is improved and tremor is suppressed for a protracted period.

The invention relates to medicine, and more particularly to physiotherapy, neurology, traumatology, orthopaedics, rehabilitation and sports medicine, and can be used for relaxing spasmed muscles when treating patients with different conditions of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems, and also for prophylaxis in the social sphere. For this purpose, relaxed antagonist muscles are subjected to a stimulating electric impulse effect at an impulse frequency of from 15 to 35 Hz, with an impulse signal duration of from 5 to 60 μs and a working signal level of from 5 to 75% of the strength of a signal at which the patient feels a vibration. Spasmed agonist muscles are subjected to a relaxing thermal effect at a temperature of from 42 to 60° C. In addition, the segments of the spinal cord responsible for innervating the agonist-antagonist muscle pairs undergoing treatment are subjected to a thermal effect at a temperature of from 42 to 60° C. The agonist-antagonist muscle pairs and the segments of the spinal cord responsible for innervating the agonist-antagonist muscle pairs can be acted on simultaneously and alternately. The stimulating electric impulse effect and the relaxing effect can be carried out on individual regions of the body or on all regions simultaneously. The method provides effective physiological relaxation of spasmed muscles by means of a synergistic effect resulting from a combination of effects which engage the central nervous system that regulates and alters the physiological state of the tissues of agonist-antagonist muscle pairs.

The invention relates to a pneumatic humanoid robot system. The pneumatic humanoid robot system uses pneumatic muscles to simulate human muscles to drive hip joints, knee joints, ankle joints, waist joints, shoulder joints, elbow joints and wrist joints to move and has the function of completely simulating human joint movement. The pneumatic humanoid robot system is mainly composed of pelvis, ribs, vertebrae, the pneumatic muscles, belt wheels, pneumatic claws, connecting pieces and a joint control system. Bones of the waist joints are constructed by vertebrae, ribs, chest structural members and pelvis, and long pneumatic muscles and short pneumatic muscles drive the waist joints to move together. In lower limb joints, single-joint pneumatic muscles and multi-joint pneumatic muscles are combined, and the multi-joint pneumatic muscles and the multi-joint pneumatic muscles are crosswise combined to drive the lower limb joints to move. Multi-joint pneumatic muscles in upper limb joints form antagonistic muscles to drive the shoulder joints and the elbow joints to move. The pneumatic humanoid robot system is driven by the pneumatic muscles, has the characteristics of being compact in structure, good in flexibility and diversified in pneumatic muscle state, and can be used for teaching and demonstration.

The invention belongs to the technical field of control, particularly relates to a musculoskeletal system control method and system based on speed precision balance and a device, and aims to solve the problem that an existing humanoid musculoskeletal robot control method cannot well perform antagonistic muscle collaborative contraction control. The method comprises the following steps of acquiring estimated motion precision of a musculoskeletal system through a Fitts' law; calculating a supervised item torque based on the estimated motion precision through a striatum inspired speed modulation strategy; calculating a muscle activation signal vector through a muscle activation signal network; and calculating an action award based on the muscle activation signal vector and the supervised item torque, then calculating a loss function, adjusting parameters of the muscle activation signal network based on the loss function, increasing the value of the action reward, and repeatedly iterating to obtain a muscle activation signal sequence required by control. According to the method, structural information of the musculoskeletal system is utilized, a universal antagonistic muscle cooperative contraction control strategy is constructed, and smooth movement is guaranteed.