The present invention provides a two-humped camel-based anti-goat pox virus VHH-4-1 and a use thereof, and belongs to the field of biotechnology. The anti-goat pox virus VHH-4-1 is prepared by VHH-4-1screening, expressing and purifying, functionalized labeling and activity verifying, anti-goat pox virus concentrating and purifying, optimizing various indicators of a kit, etc. Due to the fact thatthe provided kit uses the functionalizedly labeled VHH-4-1, the kit avoids steps of primary antibodies, secondary antibodies, anti-antibodies, etc., improves sensitivity and stability, shortens time,saves resources and breaks through drawbacks that traditional Elisa methods are time-consuming, laborious, etc. The provided anti-goat pox virus VHH-4-1 provides a basis for establishing sensitive goat pox virus clinical diagnosis method and studying a virus infection mechanism, and also provides a key marker for the developed goat pox virus antibody solid phase competition Elisa kit. In addition, goat pox attenuated vaccine is used to be subjected to cell enlarge cultivation, concentration and purification as a coating antigen to improves the sensitivity.