134 results about "Dense Core Vesicles" patented technology

Compounds of the structuresare useful for treating conditions related to an excess of neuropeptide Y including obesity and circulatory disorders.

A complex is provided for the treatment of neurogenic conditions having the formula:

where R¹ is

M is a metal ion Ca(II), Mg(II), Cu(II) or Ni(II); n is an integer 1 or 2; R is BBB peptide, transferrin, membrane transporter peptide, TAT peptide, bradykinin, beta-endorphin, bombesin, calcitonin, cholecystokinin, an enkephalin, dynorphin, insulin, gastrin, substance P, neurotensin, glucagon, secretin, somatostatin, motilin, vasopressin, oxytocin, prolactin, thyrotropin, an angiotensin, galanin, neuropeptide Y, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, gonadotropnin-releasing hormone, growth hormone-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, vasoactive intestinal peptidegluconate, L-lactate, L-leucine, L-tryptophan, and L-glutamate; and R is coupled to M through a carboxylate moiety. Magnesium (II) represents the preferred metal ion as magnesium is known to have neuroprotective effects. The metal ion is in part chelated by a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that does not inhibit platelet activity and includes salicylate and ibuprofenate. The complex also includes a ligand operative in transport across the blood brain barrier. A process for making an inventive complex includes the stoichiometric addition of ligands containing carboxylate groups to a solution of the metal ion. In instances where the metal ion is magnesium (II), a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1:1 is found between the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory ligand:magnesium (II):transporter ligand.

A method of utilizing the chymotrypsin level of an individual as a measure of the success of secretin, other neuropeptides, and peptides or digestive enzyme administration to such individuals, and in particular, as a prognosticative of potential secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, and digestive enzyme administration for persons having ADHD, Autism and other PDD related disorders. In one aspect, a method for determining the efficacy of secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, or digestive enzymes for the treatment of an individual diagnosed with a pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) comprises obtaining a sample of feces from an individual, determining a quantitative level of chymotrypsin present in the sample, and correlating the quantitative level of chymotrypsin determined to be present in the sample with the PDD to determine the efficacy of treating the individual with secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, or digestive enzyme administration. In another aspect, a therapeutic method for treating an individual diagnosed with i PDD pervasive developmental disorder comprises determining the efficacy of secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, and digestive enzyme administration for the treatment of the individual based on a measure of the individual's chymotrypsin level, and administering secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, or digestive enzymes to the individual based on the determination of the measure of the individual's chymotrypsin level.

A method of utilizing the chymotrypsin level of an individual as a measure of the success of secretin, other neuropeptides, and peptides or digestive enzyme administration to such individuals, and in particular, as a prognosticative of potential secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, and digestive enzyme administration for persons having ADHD, Autism and other PDD related disorders. In one aspect, a method for determining the efficacy of secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, or digestive enzymes for the treatment of an individual diagnosed with a pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) comprises obtaining a sample of feces from an individual, determining a quantitative level of chymotrypsin present in the sample, and correlating the quantitative level of chymotrypsin determined to be present in the sample with the PDD to determine the efficacy of treating the individual with secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, or digestive enzyme administration. In another aspect, a therapeutic method for treating an individual diagnosed with i PDD pervasive developmental disorder comprises determining the efficacy of secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, and digestive enzyme administration for the treatment of the individual based on a measure of the individual's chymotrypsin level, and administering secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, or digestive enzymes to the individual based on the determination of the measure of the individual's chymotrypsin level.

A method of utilizing the chymotrypsin level of an individual as a measure of the success of secretin, other neuropeptides, and peptides or digestive enzyme administration to such individuals, and in particular, as a prognosticative of potential secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, and digestive enzyme administration for persons having ADD, ADHD, Autism and other PDD related disorders. In one aspect, a method for determining the efficacy of secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, or digestive enzymes for the treatment of an individual diagnosed with a pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) comprises obtaining a sample of feces from an individual, determining a quantitative level of chymotrypsin present in the sample, and correlating the quantitative level of chymotrypsin determined to be present in the sample with the PDD to determine the efficacy of treating the individual with secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, or digestive enzyme administration. In another aspect, a therapeutic method for treating an individual diagnosed with a PDD pervasive developmental disorder comprises determining the efficacy of secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, and digestive enzyme administration for the treatment of the individual based on a measure of the individual's chymotrypsin level, and administering secretin, other neuropeptides, peptides, or digestive enzymes to the individual based on the determination of the measure of the individual's chymotrypsin level.

A compound is provided that has the formula

NH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂C(O)N—R   (I)

where R is a moiety capable of crossing the blood brain barrier and is as a free compound serotonin, dopamine blood brain barrier (BBB) peptide, membrane translocating protein, TAT peptides, bradykinin, beta-endorphin, bombesin, calcitonin, cholecystokinin, an enkephalin, dynorphin, insulin, gastrin, substance P, neurotensin, glucagon, secretin, somatostatin, motilin, vasopressin, oxytocin, prolactin, thyrotropin, an angiotensin, galanin, neuropeptide Y, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, gonadotropnin-releasing hormone, growth hormone-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, vasoactive intestinal peptidetransferrin, glucosylamnine, amino saccharin, lactylamine, leucine, tryptophan, glutamate and amino cholines.

Healing of wounds in mammalian tissue may be enhanced by the application of certain neuropeptides, optionally in combination with known growth promoting hormones. Exemplary neuropeptides include tachykinins, such as Substance P, Substance K, and the like, as well as calcitonin gene-related peptides. The compositions may further include a polymeric delivery carrier and are utilized by applying to the site of the wound. Wounds may be vascular or avascular wounds. The compositions promote elaboration of cellular matrices and development of cellular attachment mechanisms in addition to stimulating cellular proliferation.

Pharmaceutical compositions and methods are described comprising at least one Y2 receptor-binding peptide, such as peptide YY(PYY), Neuropeptide Y (NPY) or Pancreatic Peptide (PP) and one or more mucosal delivery-enhancing agents for enhanced nasal mucosal delivery of the peptide YY, for treating a variety of diseases and conditions in mammalian subjects, including obesity.

A compound is provided that has the formula

NH₂CH₂CH₂CHR¹C(O)N—R  (I)

where R¹ is p-chlorophenyl, R is a moiety capable of crossing the blood brain barrier and is as a free compound serotonin, dopamine blood brain barrier (BBB) peptide, membrane translocating protein, TAT peptides, bradykinin, beta-endorphin, bombesin, calcitonin, cholecystokinin, an enkephalin, dynorphin, insulin, gastrin, substance P, neurotensin, glucagon, secretin, somatostatin, motilin, vasopressin, oxytocin, prolactin, thyrotropin, an angiotensin, galanin, neuropeptide Y, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, gonadotropnin-releasing hormone, growth hormone-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, vasoactive intestinal peptide transferrin, glucosylamine, amino saccharin, lactylamine, leucine, tryptophan, glutamate and amino cholines.

The invention is directed to compositions comprising two or more compounds selected from the group consisting of stem cell factor, cytokine like factor-1, CXCL14, FRAS1, neuropeptide Y, Semaphorin 3C, Cyr 61, USAG-1, IGF-BP2, WNT 6, WNT 9B, SHH, BMP-7, kit ligand, SOSTDC1, semaphorin 4D, NME3, laminin gamma 2, laminin alpha 5, laminin gamma 1, collagen triple helix repeat containing 1, nephronectin, collagen XVIII and laminin alpha 1, and methods of using the compositions to modulate the growth of embryonic or adult kidney tissue or to treat kidney damage in a mammal. The invention is also related to a kit for treating kidney damage.

Compounds of the formula:

are disclosed as ligands for neuropeptide Y receptors and as such are useful in the treatment of obesity and disorders of the central nervous system.

Pharmaceutical compositions and methods are described comprising at least one Y2 receptor-binding peptide, such as peptide YY(PYY), Neuropeptide Y (NPY) or Pancreatic Peptide (PP) and one or more mucosal delivery-enhancing agents for enhanced nasal mucosal delivery of the peptide YY, for treating a variety of diseases and conditions in mammalian subjects, including obesity.

There is provided a series of novel neuropeptide Y-cytotoxic conjugates, compositions comprising the same, and methods relating to their therapeutic use for the treatment of disease or condition states associated with aberrant or undesirable proliferation of cells that express NPY-Y1 receptors.

This invention provides a means of inhibiting or preventing a disease or condition associated with an excess of neuropeptide Y which comprises administering to a mammal in need of such treatment an effective amount of a compound of the formula:wherein R1 is a nitrogen containing heterocyclic compound.

The present invention discloses a method for therapeutically treating an animal, including a human, for psychosomatic, depressive and neuropsychiatric diseases, such as anxiety, depression, insomnia, schizophrenia, epilepsy, spasm and chronic pain. Administration of a suitable attractin inhibitor causes the reduction of activity in the enzyme attraction or in isoforms thereof in the brain of mammals and leads as a causal consequence to a reduced degradation of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) and similar substrates. Such treatment will result in a reduction or delay in the decrease of the concentration of functionally active neuronal NPY (1-36). As a consequence of the resulting enhanced stability of the endogenous NPY (1-36), NPY activity is prolonged thereby resulting among other things in functionally active NPY Y1 receptor activity thereby facilitating antidepressive, anxiolytic, analgesic, t antihypertension and other neurological effects.

A human urocortin-related peptide with significant sequence homology to the CRF neuropeptide family was identified. A mouse cDNA was isolated from whole brain poly (A+) RNA that encodes a predicted 38 amino acid peptide protein designated herein as urocortin II. Both human URP and mouse Ucn II are structurally related to the other known mammalian family members, CRF and urocortin (Ucn). These peptides are involved in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis under basal and stress conditions, suggesting a similar role for URP and Ucn II. Synthesized Ucn-II and URP peptide binds with higher affinity to CRF-R2 than to CRF-R1 Ucn II and human URP appear to be involved in the regulation of body temperature and appetite and may play a role in other stress related phenomenon. These findings identify Ucn II and human URP as a new members of the CRF family of neuropeptides, which are expressed centrally and bind to CRF-R2.

A cosmetic, pharmaceutical or dermatological preparation containing extract of the plant Eperua falcata, active principles of the plant Eperua falcata, astilbin or engeletin. The preparation is useful to inhibit release of pro-imflammatory mediators and neuropeptides, including CGRP and SP, for skin and hair treatment, including, sensitive skin, acne, scalp itch and neurogenous inflammation.

Disclosed are compounds having the formula:

where

• • R₁=H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, cycloalkyl,
  • R₂=H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, cycloalkyl
  • W=C_nH_2n-m—NH (n=1-6, m=0, 2, or 4),
  • X=
  • R₃=
  • Y=
  • Z=CONR₈(CH₂)_n, CONR₈(CH₂)_nCO, P(CH₃)OCHR₈OCOR₉, SO₂, SO₂(CH₂)_n, SO₂(CH₂)_nCO, SO₂NR₈(CH₂)_n, SO₂NR₈(CH₂)_nCO, n=1-4
  • R₄=H, (CH₂)_nOH, (CH₂)_nOCOR₁₀, (CH₂)_nNR₁₀R₁₁, (CH₂)_nCONR₁₀R₁₁, n=0-4
  • R₅=H, (CH₂)_nNR₁₂R₁₃, n=0-4
  • R₆=H, (CH₂)_nNR₁₄R₁₅, n=0-4
  • R₇=H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, cycloalkyl; R₈=H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, cycloalkyl; R₉=H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, cycloalkyl;
  • R₁₀=H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, cycloalkyl; R₁₁=H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, cycloalkyl; R₁₂=H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, cycloalkyl;
  • R₁₃=H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, cycloalkyl; R₁₄=H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, cycloalkyl; R₁₅=H, C₁-C₆ alkyl, cycloalkyl.

Dashed lines: optional; conformational constraint by (CH₂)_n, n=1-3, R′=H or O(═) as well as pharmaceuticals compositions and methods for the treatment of opiate addiction, opiate dependence, opiate tolerance, opiate related abstinence syndrome, nicotine addition and obesity based thereon.