The present invention discloses 3D digital watermark embedding and detecting method and device based no virtual optics, and belongs to the field of mode distinction. Parallel hardware and algorithm or parallel electronic device and software are adopted, and the emulational virtual optical imaging process is utilized to add digital watermark information to static image, audio or video data. During embedding watermark, geometrical structural parameters of the virtual optical path are used as cipher key, and multiple cipher keys are designed. During detecting watermark, the digital watermark is extracted from watermark containing information by means of deciphering the multiple cipher keys. The watermark may be text, digital, signature, mark, etc. The adopted device is one master-slave system comprising PC, DSP, programmable special IC, or one PC-off embedded system. The present invention has the advantages of high robustness, high safety, high flexibility, etc.