The invention relates to a method of correction for non-contact thermometry in a translucent medium environment, which belongs to the technical field of pyrometry. The problem that when the surface of an object to be measured is in a translucent medium coverage environment, radiation energy detected through a traditional method can not be corrected through a traditional material surface emissivity correction method, so that the actual temperature can not be obtained is solved. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, judging whether a translucent medium is contacted with the surface of the object to be measured, if so, selecting a one-dimensional coupling heat exchange model, adopting a finite volume method to calculate a forward model, and obtaining a theoretical radiation energy value capable of being obtained by temperature measuring equipment; if not, selecting a one-dimensional pure radiation heat exchange model, adopting the finite volume method to calculate the forward model, and obtaining the theoretical radiation energy value capable of being obtained by the temperature measuring equipment; then measuring an actual radiation energy value of the surface of theobject to be measured; and adopting an intelligent particle swarm optimization algorithm to inverse an actual temperature value of the surface of the object to be measured. The method provided by theinvention is applied to temperature measurement of the surface of the object to be measured in the translucent medium environment.