FIG. 1 is a perspective view of
transmission tower 10, phase conductors 12, insulators 14, and shield wires 15. They are to be inspected by unmanned aerial vehicle UAV 20 with embedded processor and memory 22, radio 24, location rover 26, and camera 28. Continuously operating reference
station 16 has GNSS antenna 17, GNSS
receiver 19, and radio 18. The relative location between UAV 20 and reference
station 16 can be accurately calculated using location corrections sent by radio 18 to radio 24. Camera 28 on UAV 20 is first used to capture two or more orientation images 38 and 39 of
tower 10; lines 12 and 15; and insulators 14 from different vantage points. Terrestrial or close-range
photogrammetry techniques are used create a
three dimensional model of
tower 10; lines 12 and 15; and insulators 14. Based on inspection resolution and safety objectives, a standoff distance 50 is determined. Then a flight path with segments for ascent 40, one or more loops 42, 44, 46, and a descent 48 is designed to ensure full inspection coverage via inspection images like 52 and 54.