The invention discloses a blade driving device of an X-ray generator beam limiting device. The blade driving device comprises a base plate (1), guide rails (10 and 11), a left blade (2), a right blade (9), eccentric wheels (5 and 7), a blade vertical retaining plate (20), pushing rods (4 and 8), springs (3 and 30), a support (16), a motor (100), a driving gear (13), a driven gear (15) and an intermediate gear (14). The guide rails (10 and 11), the left blade (2), the right blade (9), the eccentric wheels (5 and 7) and the blade vertical retaining plate (20) are fixedly connected to the base plate (1). The pushing rods (4 and 8) are fixedly connected to the blade vertical retaining plate (20). The springs (3 and 30) are fixedly connected with the base plate (1) and the blade vertical retaining plate (20). The support (16) is connected to the back side of the base plate (1). The motor (100), the driving gear (13), the driven gear (15) and the intermediate gear (14) are fixedly connected to the support (16) on the back side of the base plate (1). The intermediate gear (14) is positioned between the driving gear (13) and the driven gear (15). Irradiation range of X-rays is adjustable in square, accuracy of blade movement can be controlled well, application of limiting switches is reduced, and the blade driving device is high in efficiency, low in cost and convenient to use and maintain.