The invention discloses a portable laser probe component analyzer, which comprises a detection head and a host system. The detection head consists of a shell, an optical fiber collimating mirror and a lens. The host system includes a microcontroller, a portable PC machine, a laser power supply, a spectrometer, a light collector, a dichroic mirror, an optical fiber coupler, a diaphragm and a laser emission head. The laser pulse and collected light are all transmitted through one same optical fiber, thus avoiding a complex optical path system, reducing the detection head volume of the laser probe component analyzer, and enhancing the anti-interference performance and repeatability of the system. By adopting dual pulse excitation, the detection limit can be well reduced, and the signal-to-background ratio and the plasma spectrum stability can be improved. At the same time, small energy laser pulse with a pulse energy of 10-20mJ is employed to excite a sample and improve the analysis accuracy, and large damage to the sample surface can be avoided simultaneously. Upper computer software is employed to control a small displacement platform to realize automated focusing and collection.