The invention relates to the technical field of safety belt reactor and particularly relates to an emergency locking type safety belt retractor with a pretensioning function, which comprises a rack device, a power device, a coil spring assembly, a pre-tensioning gear, a U-shaped frame, a belt coiling cylinder, a force limiting rod, a check wheel, a locking claw, a return spring, a belt sensing assembly, a vehicle sensing assembly and a cover. The emergency locking type safety belt retractor is characterized in that shafts at the left end and the right end of the pre-tensioning gear are respectively connected a shaft hole in the coil spring assembly and the left end of the force limiting rod in the belt coiling cylinder; the rack device in linear movement is arranged beside the pre-tensioning gear, one end of the rack device corresponds to the meshing position of the pre-tensioning gear, the rack device is meshed with the pre-tensioning wheel in the running process of the rack device, and the power device is arranged at the other end of the rack device. Compared with the prior art, the emergency locking type safety belt retractor has the advantages that as a clutch assembly is not arranged, the structure is compact, and also the volume of a pre-tensioning mechanism is reduced; and as a clutch is eliminated, the energy loss is reduced, the pre-tensioning time is shortened, and further the pre-tensioning efficiency is improved.