The invention relates to a medicinal composition for treating renal diseases and the pharmaceutical use of the medicinal composition. The composition contains rhein, physcion, emodin glucoside, chrysophanol glucoside, salvianic acid, salvianolic acid B, hydroxysafflor yellow A, astragaloside, astragalus polysaccharide, salvianolic acid A, calycosin-7-glucoside, physcion glucoside, rosmarinic acid, carthamin yellow A, salvianolic acid D, salvianolic acid H, protocatechuic aldehyde, caffeic acid and gallic acid, wherein the chrysophanol glucoside is chrysophanol monoglucoside, the emodin glucoside is emodin monoglucoside, and the physcion glucoside is physcion monoglucoside. The composition can also contain C11H9N6O4, C17H14O4, C21H20O9, C19H32O12, C30H36O15 and C30H44O15. The composition is a preparation in a solid form, a liquid form, a gas form or a semisolid form, and a great number of experiments show that the composition can be used for treating renal diseases, renal failure, nephrotic syndromes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, neoplastic diseases and the like.