The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring the size and the movement speed of bubbles in a concentrated phase gas-solid fluidized bed, belonging to devices and methods for measuring movement behaviors of bubbles. The device comprises a gas-solid fluidized bed, a diffuser chamber, an airflow distributing plate, a high-speed dynamic camera, a data signal display and a data acquisition output and storage device. A high-density magnetite powder medium solid is stood in a gas-solid fluidized bed body, compressed air is diffused to generate uniform and stable bubble flows in the fluidized bed, the high-speed dynamic camera arranged on the front part of the fluidized bed is regulated to capture movement images of the bubbles penetrating through some bed plane, image information is immediately displayed on the data signal display and is continuously transmitted to the data acquisition output and storage device, and then effective data of the size and the movement speed of the bubbles can be obtained after accurate calculation. The device and method have the advantages of simple structure, convenience for operation, easy control, high measurement precision, good reliability, capability of realizing accurate measurement and accurate prediction of the single bubbles in a stable gas-solid multi-phase flow, and wide application range.