The invention discloses a cupboard with dust removal and humidity control functions and a working method of the cupboard. The cupboard comprises a base, a cupboard body, a dust removal mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a lifting mechanism, wherein the lifting mechanism is vertically mounted in the base, the clamping mechanism is mounted on the lifting mechanism, the clamping mechanism clamps thecupboard body, and the dust removal mechanism is fixedly mounted at the top of the cabinet body. Firstly, the cupboard body is placed on a support plate, one end is propped against a stop dog, then,a second knob is rotated, a third lead screw is driven to rotate, a movable plate is pushed to move and stops until second gear teeth are meshed with first gear teeth, the cupboard body is fixed, otherwise, the cupboard body can be loosened, the cupboard body is convenient to mount and dismount, replacement and maintenance of the cupboard body are facilitated, and use is facilitated; and a storageplate is driven to move up and down by a first lead screw, the height of the storage plate is adjusted, the inside space of the cupboard body is convenient to adjust, and different sizes of articlesare convenient to place.