The invention discloses a multi-view video transmission error control method based on rate distortion optimization of a joint information source channel, which comprises the following steps: multi-viewpoint video coding: firstly performing motion parallax compensation prediction on a video sequence, and then performing coding mode selection; establishing an end-to-end distortion degree model, andestablishing the end-to-end distortion degree model by adopting a virtual channel encoder after motion parallax compensation prediction is carried out on the multi-viewpoint video sequence; and rate distortion optimization coding of the joint information source channel: carrying out rate distortion optimization of the joint information source channel according to the distortion model, the channelparameter set generated by the virtual channel coder and the corrected channel packet loss rate, wherein the obtained optimal information source parameter is used for selection of a coding mode, and the obtained optimal channel parameter is used for coding of the channel coder. According to the method, channel errors can be effectively corrected, diffusion of transmission errors among viewpoints is reduced, the transmission robustness of multi-view video streams is improved, and the multi-view video streams can better adapt to video transmission in a lossy network environment.