The invention relates to a farmland wireless self-organizing network topology density correlation path selecting and optimizing method. The method includes the steps that firstly, node energy is calculated, voting is carried out, and cluster heads are determined; secondly, nodes within a preset threshold value are received by the cluster heads and added, and clustering operation is carried out; thirdly, nodes corresponding to which clustering operation is not completed become intra-cluster sub-nodes according to a pre-established method; fourthly, energy advantage nodes are selected from the intra-cluster sub-nodes to serve as fake cluster heads; fifthly, reverse scattering and networking are carried out according to the cluster heads and the fake cluster heads; sixthly, environment information collecting and reporting are carried out on all nodes through a networking route; seventhly, whether a cluster head arrives at an energy approximating target or not is judged; eighthly, if a cluster head arrives at the energy approximating target, the next round is marked to carry out cluster head election, collection of the current round ends, and otherwise collection of the round ends. By means of the method, clustering efficiency is improved, cluster head selection frequency is lowered, and overall network energy efficiency is improved.