The invention discloses a broadband power line OFDM subcarrier bit loading method based on curve fitting, and belongs to the technical field of broadband power line communication. According to the method, first of all, on the basis that subcarrier channel quality of an OFDM system is calculated, a subcarrier set is determined according to a minimum power criterion so that subcarriers whose power consumption satisfies requirements are determined; then according to the subcarrier quality, a subcarrier partition number and a partition subcarrier set are determined, and each partition two-dimensional space of the subcarriers is established so that subsequent curve fitting operation can be carried out; secondly, a bit curve is loaded in a fitting mode and a subcarrier bit loading quantity of each partition is determined; and finally, according to the curve fitting subcarrier loading bit quantities, loading operation is performed on the subcarriers, and thus resource distribution is completed. By use of the method, under the conditions of certain power consumption and a system rate, it can be ensured that the calculation complexity of bit loading resource distribution is effectively reduced and a bit resource distribution result is quite excellent.