48 results about "Landslide dam" patented technology

A method for reducing the danger of a dammed lake formed by a debris flow blocking a river, comprising: first predicting the accumulation range of a river-blocking debris dam during occurrence of a debris flow, dividing a river boundary into multiple areas on the basis of the elevation, and then performing roughness reduction treatment on the areas of the river boundary during a dry season. The present method reduces the roughness of a river boundary within the accumulation range of a river-blocking debris dam, so as to reduce the opposite bank dam height of the river-blocking debris dam and the storage capacity of the dammed lake, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the danger of dammed lakes formed by debris flows and reducing the impact of debris flow disasters.

The invention discloses a dynamic planning method for a risk avoiding path of a high-risk dammed lake. The method comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a dammed lake downstream risk area range calculation model coupling a dam break flood outer envelope line and a secondary disaster range; s2, establishing a segmented risk avoiding window time calculation model; s3, establishing a crowd-based path planning model based on dynamic toughness weight and multi-objective collaborative optimization; and S4, performing dynamic rolling updating based on the flood routing process. According to the method, the downstream risk avoiding range of the barrier lake can be accurately defined, and the accuracy of the downstream risk avoiding range of the barrier lake is improved through superposition of the outsourcing line and the secondary disaster range through multi-method flood inrush simulation; a crowd-based path planning method based on dynamic toughness weight and multi-objective collaborative optimization is established, the limitation that only the shortest path is considered in traditional path planning is broken through, and differential risk avoiding path dynamic generation is realized in combination with crowd characteristics, real-time road conditions and secondary disaster risks.

The invention provides a landslide river blocking disaster chain analysis method, device and system and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a numerical calculation model of a landslide mass according to three-dimensional terrain of a landslide drainage basin and geological structure data of a landslide area; determining a dam body geometric model and dam body data of the barrier lake according to the numerical calculation model of the landslide mass and a barrier body formed after the river is blocked by the landslide mass; determining the water blocking and submerging range of the upstream of the barrier lake; according to the water on the upstream of the barrier lake, the submerging range and the upstream hydrodynamic environment, a barrier body outburst flood flow-time relation curve is obtained; and according to the dam body outburst flood flow-time relation curve and a preset hydrological 2D hydrodynamic coupling method, the dam lake recession process and / or the downstream flood flooding disaster process in the dam body outburst process are / is calculated. According to the embodiment, decoupling and recoupling analysis can be carried out on different stages of the disaster chain, and the effect of accurately analyzing the process of each stage of the disaster chain is achieved.

The landslide dammed lake landform utilization and restoration method comprises the steps that backfill back pressure is conducted on a slope toe river channel at the front edge of a landslide, reinforced concrete retaining walls are arranged at the upstream end and the downstream end of a backfill back pressure area respectively to stabilize backfill bodies of the backfill back pressure area, and water from the upstream of the river channel is intercepted to form a water storage area; reinforced concrete flood discharge and sand discharge holes are linearly distributed in stable mountain bed rock outside the landslide area, the inlet ends of the flood discharge and sand discharge holes are connected with an upstream water storage area river bank, the outlet ends of the flood discharge and sand discharge holes are connected with a downstream river bank slope, and a water pump station and a pipeline are built in a geological stable area of the water storage area to lift water. The land in the landslide area is recycled; by arranging the backfill back pressure area and the flood discharge and sand discharge hole, on the basis of stabilizing the landslide weir body, the water pumping station and the water lifting pipeline are built, water stored in the water storage area is utilized to irrigate and recycle land in the landslide area, land utilization and ecological restoration are carried out on the basis of landslide prevention and control, and the landslide treatment effect is improved.

The invention discloses a disaster chain real-time monitoring and early warning method, device and equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of disaster monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining multi-source remote sensing data, a disaster chain knowledge graph and a current disaster chain risk threshold matrix based on a grid unit of a target region; updating a disaster chain knowledge graph based on the multi-source remote sensing data; the updated disaster chain knowledge graph is input into a cross-disaster coupling model, a disaster chain risk probability matrix in a future set time period is obtained, and the cross-disaster coupling model comprises a landslide instability model, a barrier lake overtopping-piping burst model and a flood routing model; and comparing the disaster chain risk probability matrix with the current disaster chain risk threshold matrix, and triggering graded early warning. The technical problem that single-disaster-type models are mutually independent and cannot accurately simulate the complete physical process that a preorder disaster type triggers a subsequent disaster type in a disaster chain is solved, and the accuracy of cross-disaster-type risk early warning is improved.

The invention discloses a flood discharge, sand flushing, emptying and flow guide integrated hydraulic tunnel for a barrier lake and an application method, and relates to the technical field of flow discharge of barrier lakes, the hydraulic tunnel comprises an existing diversion tunnel, an existing tunnel transformation section, a dragon head inclined section, an upper flat section, an emergency flood discharge tunnel, an inlet accident maintenance lock chamber, an outlet working lock chamber section and an outlet flip bucket section; an existing diversion tunnel is transformed, a dragon-head-raising inclined section, an upper flat section, an inlet accident overhaul lock chamber, an emergency flood discharge tunnel and an outlet working lock chamber section are built on the upstream and downstream of the existing diversion tunnel correspondingly, an original water passing building and the emergency flood discharge tunnel are used as main diversion buildings, and the flood season overflowing requirement is combined. And the scale of surface hole flood discharge buildings such as a flood spillway and the elevation of a bottom plate are determined to meet the requirement for safe overflow flood control in the weir plug body construction period, no extra new tunnel needs to be built, and the multifunctional hydraulic tunnel integrating flood discharge, sand flushing and emptying is transformed.

The application discloses an ancient landslide dam extraction method based on optical images, and specifically comprises the following steps: step one, image acquisition; step two, basic element indication; step three, ancient landslide interpretation; step four, river blocking analysis; step five, dam interpretation; step six, parameter calculation and verification; and step seven, database construction. The application relates to the technical fields of remote sensing interpretation and ancient disaster identification. The ancient landslide dam extraction method based on optical images combines the ancient landslide range outlined on the images with direct interpretation signs of ancient dams and indirect inference methods, can preferably extract the ancient dams, and is supplemented by field sampling verification. Compared with an automatic algorithm identification mode, the ancient landslide dam extraction correctness is greatly improved, and the time and labor of pure field investigation are effectively avoided, and the efficiency is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a disaster chain blocking-based barrier lake disaster reduction method. The method comprises the following steps of: establishing a barrier lake disaster chain generation mechanism model based on barrier lake disaster states and driving factors; establishing a chain breaking mechanism model for reducing the damage energy of a source disaster-causing body according to the barrier lake disaster chain generation mechanism model; establishing a flood chain breaking mechanism model for blocking a flood propagation chain according to the chain generation mechanism model of the barrier lake disaster chain; and establishing a disaster-bearing body chain breaking mechanism model for improving the disaster avoidance accuracy of the disaster-bearing body according to the barrier lake disaster chain generation mechanism model. The technical defects that a traditional emergency disposal method cannot carry out disaster reduction disposal from the angle of a full chain and is low in efficiency are overcome, and the three-in-one systematic barrier lake disaster reduction method is established, that is, the damage energy of a disaster-causing body is reduced from the source, a flood propagation chain is blocked by a path, and the risk avoiding precision of a disaster-bearing body is improved at the tail end; the method is suitable for source energy reduction, transmission chain breakage and disaster-bearing body transfer full-chain disaster reduction of barrier lake disasters.

The invention discloses a sluice channel system for danger elimination of a barrier lake and a working method of the sluice channel system, and relates to the field of emergency disposal of barrier lakes. The sluice channel system comprises a sluice channel structure, an anti-scour layer and a monitoring system, the anti-scour layer comprises a plurality of air bag cushion units, and the air bag cushion units are laid on the sluice channel structure; the monitoring system comprises a flow velocity sensor and a control unit. By integrating the sluice groove structure, the anti-scouring layer and the monitoring system, dynamic regulation and control of the sluice groove scouring process can be achieved. When the flow velocity sensor detects that the water flow reaches a preset scouring critical value, the control unit starts the air bag cushion unit to sink to form a continuous anti-scouring covering layer so as to inhibit impact erosion of the water flow to the tank bottom, the anti-scouring covering layer is utilized to reduce damage of high-speed water flow phenomena such as cavitation erosion and pulsating pressure to the tank body, and the stability of the tank bottom is improved.

The present application belongs to the field of water conservancy and disaster prevention and mitigation technology, and specifically discloses a comprehensive evaluation model and method for development and utilization of barrier dam, and constructs a multi-level index system including flood control and disaster mitigation, economic benefit, ecological benefit, social benefit, and safety and risk evaluation. The method adopts a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation technology improved by a cloud model, determines the weight and calculates the membership degree through cloud model scaling, and finally outputs the comprehensive benefit score and development grade. The method solves the defects of strong fuzziness, randomness and subjectivity in traditional evaluation, and is suitable for the collaborative decision of barrier dam risk management and resource development. It can guide the development and utilization of barrier lake, and has important theoretical significance and practical value.

This invention relates to the field of emergency hazard mitigation technology in water conservancy projects, and in particular to a method for controlled release and hazard mitigation of landslide-dammed lakes based on erosion benchmark protection. The method includes: calculating the allowable breach height of the landslide-dammed lake based on the dam length, dam volume, and reservoir capacity corresponding to the protection elevation; determining the erosion benchmark protection elevation based on the allowable breach height; calculating the cross-sectional dimensions of the spillway based on the determined maximum breach flood peak flow; and laying a temporary spillway based on the erosion benchmark protection elevation and the cross-sectional dimensions of the spillway. This invention achieves safe and controllable release of water from landslide-dammed lakes, improves the safety and efficiency of emergency hazard mitigation, effectively avoids downstream flood disaster risks, and is applicable to various landslide-dammed lake emergency response scenarios.

The application discloses a high-precision and high-efficiency dammed lake flood outburst simulation and risk prediction method and system, breaks through the limitations of traditional methods in the balance of calculation accuracy and calculation cost, establishes a dammed lake flood outburst disaster chain coupling calculation model considering an erodible bed surface, and is used for simulating the whole process of a disaster chain from dammed lake water level rising-dammed body overtopping erosion outburst-flood outburst evolution-downstream engineering; the method is based on shallow water-erosion-riverbed morphology coupling dynamics theory, considers the collapse mechanism in the dammed body outburst process, can be applied to the simulation of the dammed body outburst process under the erosion action and the whole dynamics process of the outburst flood spreading to the downstream engineering and further affecting the engineering buildings, can calculate in advance the flood risk factors such as the time, maximum water level and maximum flow rate of the outburst flood spreading to the downstream engineering and the auxiliary buildings, and can provide decision support for the outburst flood risk warning and defense.

The landslide damming disaster chain cooperative early warning method and system provided by the application relates to the field of disaster early warning. The method comprises the following steps: receiving landslide shock signals and water level signals in real time; obtaining time and position information of landslide occurrence according to landslide shock signal analysis, and issuing a large landslide warning; evaluating the possibility of river blocking caused by landslide according to the spatial relationship between landslide and river system; if there is a possibility of river blocking caused by landslide, issuing a secondary warning of river blocking, and combining the water level signal to determine whether the river has been blocked; if the river has been blocked, issuing a primary warning of river blocking, and positioning the blocking point according to the spatial relationship between landslide and river system; evaluating the risk of landslide damming backwater and flood outburst according to the water level signal, and issuing a corresponding grade of flood warning. The application actively issues landslide damming stage identification and early warning information by timely and accurate identification of the disaster link and severity of landslide damming, which helps to automatically identify the disaster process of the landslide damming disaster chain.

The invention discloses a river basin sediment production estimation method based on a dynamic evolution process of a river-blocking barrier lake, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the comparative analysis of key physicochemical characteristic parameters through an identification event layer in a residual barrier lake deposition sequence, and constructing a disaster chain extreme surface process river basin sediment production estimation method. Water level changes, hydrodynamic conditions and material source changes of the barrier lake are comprehensively analyzed, different sand production stages from the stable period, the decline period and the extinction period of the barrier lake are divided, the sediment change history from lacustrine facies suspended load to flood plain bed load is analyzed, and a complete barrier lake formation-evolution full life cycle evolution process mode is constructed. A layered triangular irregular network model is constructed to obtain layered accumulated sediment volume data, the layered volume and mass are calculated based on a dry density field of sedimentary stratification and spatial interpolation so as to calculate the total sediment yield, a physical information neural network model inverts a sedimentary thickness field, sediment yield estimation is achieved, and the non-stationary dynamic evolution characteristics of water and sediment of the barrier lake are quantified.

This invention discloses a pretreatment method for ecological prevention and coordinated emergency response to colluvial deposits and landslide dams on riverbanks. It utilizes mature trees planted vertically at the slope toe, intersecting with horizontally planted mature trees on the slope surface to form a framework of living trees. Simultaneously, waterproof soil bags filled with rock and soil fragments are used to construct soil pillars or walls, providing support for the horizontally planted mature trees. The framework of living trees and the soil pillars or walls together form a retaining structure to prevent potential landslide impacts. The spaces between the soil pillars or walls create a drainage channel for the landslide dam, collectively providing ecological prevention and coordinated emergency response to colluvial deposits and landslide dams on riverbanks. This invention can replace the post-treatment technology of emergency excavation of spillways after landslide dam formation. By pre-constructing the drainage channel before the dam forms, it achieves ecological protection of riverbanks, reduces the risk of landslide damming, and is easy to construct.

The application discloses a kind of stepped drainage groove arrangement methods for accelerating dammed lake breaching and improving discharge efficiency.It includes the following steps,step one: excavate drainage groove in dammed body pass or relatively low concave natural part,with the goal of smaller excavation engineering quantity,as high as possible flow efficiency and combining dammed body material structure composition,confirm the structure form of drainage groove cross section and longitudinal section;Step two: vertically excavate drainage groove at the midpoint of drainage groove downstream side at equal intervals,form vertical ladder with gradually increasing vertical height until connected to dammed body downstream dam slope.The application has the advantages of effectively shortening dammed lake storage time,lowering dammed lake storage capacity,discharging dammed lake storage flood safely and quickly,lowering dammed lake maximum water level and breaching flood peak,thus more greatly reducing reservoir area inundation loss and downstream breaching damage.

The present invention discloses a method for horizontal drilling, traction and laying of hollow pipes for disposal of landslide dams. The drilling and laying pipe device includes a head non-excavation directional drill bit, a rear connection reamer and control equipment, and a hollow pipe traction connector. After a landslide blocking a river and a landslide lake disaster occurs, the device is used to quickly drill horizontally in a loose accumulation body and simultaneously traction and bury the hollow pipe. When the water level rises to the elevation of the pipe mouth, the control valve at the end of the hollow pipe is opened and closed cyclically, and the landslide dam is caused to slide back to the source step by step through penetration damage, and finally the landslide dam body is automatically dismantled. Compared with the existing emergency treatment technology for landslide dam disasters, the method of the present invention has rapid construction, simple operation, and resource conservation. It can respond quickly when a landslide blocking a river disaster occurs, and while controlling the risk of dam collapse, it can gradually dismantle the landslide dam with the help of the natural force of water to ensure the safety of the upstream and downstream of the valley.

The application discloses a high-risk dammed lake danger-avoiding path dynamic planning method, which comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a dammed lake downstream danger zone range calculation model coupling a dam-broken flood envelope line and a secondary disaster range; S2, establishing a segmented danger-avoiding window time calculation model; S3, establishing a segmented population path planning model based on dynamic resilience weight and multi-target collaborative optimization; and S4, based on dynamic rolling update of a flood evolution process. The application can accurately define a danger-avoiding range downstream of a dammed lake, superimpose a dam-broken flood simulation envelope line and a secondary disaster range by multiple methods, and improve the accuracy of the danger-avoiding range downstream of the dammed lake. The segmented population path planning method based on dynamic resilience weight and multi-target collaborative optimization breaks through the limitation of traditional path planning which only considers a shortest path, combines population characteristics, real-time road conditions and secondary disaster risks, and realizes dynamic generation of differentiated danger-avoiding paths.

The present application relates to a method, device, and computer equipment for post-construction reconstruction of a landslide dam based on physical mechanisms and survey and monitoring data. The method comprises: establishing a landslide dam model of the landslide dam, and obtaining a material parameter set, a borehole data set, and a real dam body deformation data set of the landslide dam; determining the stratum boundary variation range in the landslide dam model based on the material parameter set, the borehole data set, and a finite element algorithm, and determining an initial stratum variation curve within the stratum boundary variation range; predicting dam body deformation based on the initial stratum variation curve and the finite element algorithm, obtaining a predicted dam body deformation data set, and calculating the loss between the predicted dam body deformation data set and the real dam body deformation data set until the loss meets a preset loss condition; and determining the initial stratum variation curve corresponding to the current round of predicted dam body deformation data set as the stratum variation curve. The present method can improve the accuracy of the post-construction reconstruction method of a landslide dam based on physical mechanisms and survey and monitoring data.

This invention relates to the field of landslide dammed lake emergency response technology, and discloses a method and application for identifying landslide dammed lake-prone areas by integrating fuzzy frequency ratio and random forest methods. The method includes: dividing the target area into evaluation units; constructing an evaluation index system for landslide dammed lake-prone areas of the target area based on a random forest model; calculating the landslide sensitivity weights of the evaluation indicators based on the fuzzy logic frequency ratio analysis method; calculating the river blockage probability weights of the evaluation indicators based on a judgment matrix; fusing the landslide sensitivity weights and river blockage probability weights of the evaluation indicators to determine the combined weights of the evaluation indicators; and extracting landslide dammed lake-prone area information based on weighted superposition analysis. This invention employs a fuzzy logic-based frequency ratio analysis method, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and weighted superposition analysis method to obtain indicator weights, fully integrating the statistical correlation between evaluation indicators, expert experience, and decision-makers' personal preferences, thereby improving the accuracy of the landslide dammed lake-prone area evaluation model.

This invention belongs to the field of geological engineering and natural disaster simulation technology, and relates to an experimental device and method for simulating the disaster chain from a high-altitude, long-distance landslide in a cold region to a flood. The device includes a support mechanism, an acceleration mechanism, a loading vehicle, a motion mechanism, a freezing mechanism, a water tank, a water spraying mechanism, and a monitoring mechanism. The freezing and water spraying mechanisms simulate the low temperature and rainfall environment of a cold region; the acceleration mechanism drives the loading vehicle to simulate the initiation of a high-altitude landslide; the landslide mass scrapes and encases moist frozen soil samples in the motion mechanism, evolving into a debris flow under continuous water spraying; the debris flow rushes into the water tank and accumulates to form a simulated landslide dam, simulating the process of blocking a river; subsequently, under the action of upstream water, the dam collapses, triggering a simulated downstream flood. This invention can simulate and monitor the entire disaster chain of a high-altitude, long-distance landslide in a cold region – debris flow – river blockage – flood, providing an effective physical simulation technology for disaster risk assessment and prevention.

The application discloses a dammed lake storage-capacity-submergence-area-water level relationship quick construction method and device and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering disaster emergency management. The method of the application collects a topographic map to construct a DEM of a dammed lake region, and then intersects the DEM with a dam top elevation plane to generate a maximum lake body model, and performs scale self-adaptive three-dimensional grid discretization on the model and calculates grid parameters; subsequently, the water level is traversed according to a set step length within the range of the dammed body river bottom and top elevation, the submergence area top surface boundary grid body and all submergence grid bodies are respectively counted, the submergence area and the storage capacity corresponding to the water level are calculated, and finally, the relationship curves of the two and the water level are generated. The application only needs a conventional topographic map, does not need complex hydrological parameters, has high modeling efficiency and low operation threshold, balances the calculation accuracy and efficiency, adapts to the quick judgment and analysis needs of dammed lake emergency rescue, has wide applicability and high popularization value.

The application discloses a dammed lake drilling discharge anti-pipe heaving structure and relates to the technical field of auxiliary hole turning structures.The application comprises a fixing disc and a sealing disc, the fixing disc and the sealing disc are fixedly connected through bolts, a fixing sleeve pipe penetrates through the fixing disc, an extension sleeve pipe is fixed at one end of the fixing sleeve pipe through bolts, and the inside of the fixing sleeve pipe and the extension sleeve pipe is filled with sealing sleeve pipes.The application gradually fills the extension sleeve pipe inside the drilling hole as the drilling depth deepens, in order to reduce the erosion of the water flow to the inner wall of the drilling hole and avoid the collapse of the drilling hole, the sealing sleeve pipes are gradually filled in the extension sleeve pipe extending into the inside of the drilling hole, the multiple sealing sleeve pipes are coaxially arranged, and the sealing sleeve pipes and the extension sleeve pipe not only block the water flow but also support the inner wall of the drilling hole, effectively avoiding the collapse of the drilling hole and the emergence of the pipe heaving.

This invention relates to the field of dam failure simulation technology, and discloses a device and method for simulating and monitoring the failure process of a landslide dam. By setting surface markers on the surface of the landslide dam model and combining a camera monitoring system with digital image correlation, this invention achieves non-contact, full-field continuous monitoring of dam surface deformation. It can accurately acquire displacement and strain field data of the dam surface, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies that cannot accurately acquire dam deformation characteristics. Simultaneously, by setting up an acoustic emission monitoring system, it collects and locates stress wave signals emitted by the landslide dam model due to internal damage during the stress process, achieving real-time monitoring and spatial positioning of internal damage information of the dam body. This solves the problems of existing technologies being unable to monitor the internal structural response of the dam body and unable to analyze the dynamic process of internal damage evolution.

This invention discloses a decision-making method for reducing the capacity of a landslide dammed lake based on multi-dimensional quantitative indicators. The method includes: first, obtaining the necessary field parameters for decision-making through remote sensing, geological surveys, and hydrological analysis; then, calculating the landslide dam's removability index, the lake's drainage capacity index, the existing channel availability index, and the feasibility index of new engineering measures based on the obtained parameters using four preset quantitative functions; subsequently, inputting the results into a first-level decision function, and sequentially judging whether each index reaches a threshold according to a hierarchical priority logic, selecting a major category of reduction method from four options: landslide dam removal, siphon drainage, modification of existing channels, and new engineering measures; finally, when the first-level decision output is new engineering measures, inputting the results into a second-level decision function, selecting a specific option between excavating a diversion channel and excavating a spillway. This invention comprehensively quantifies the decision-making basis and constructs a clearly hierarchical two-level decision function system.

The application discloses a dammed lake disaster reduction method based on disaster chain blocking, establishes a dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model based on a dammed lake disaster state and a driving factor; establishes a chain breaking mechanism model for reducing damage energy of a source disaster body according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model; establishes a flood chain breaking mechanism model for blocking flood propagation according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model; and establishes a disaster body chain breaking mechanism model for improving disaster body disaster avoidance accuracy according to the dammed lake disaster chain generation mechanism model. The application breaks through the technical defects of traditional emergency disposal methods, that is, the methods cannot carry out disaster reduction disposal from the whole chain angle and are low in efficiency, and establishes a "energy reduction-chain breaking-accuracy improvement" three-in-one systematic dammed lake disaster reduction method, that is, source damage energy reduction of a disaster body, path blocking of a flood propagation chain and end disaster body risk avoidance accuracy improvement, which is suitable for whole chain disaster reduction of source damage energy reduction, propagation chain breaking and disaster body transfer of a dammed lake disaster.

The application provides a dam-break-preventing water flow regulating system for a barrier lake, which comprises an M river and a T river, a dam is arranged at the downstream of the M river, a water regulating open channel is arranged between the M river and the T river, the water regulating open channel is arranged at an altitude between the M river and the T river, a reinforced concrete water regulating tunnel and a pressure steel pipe are further arranged, the two ends of the reinforced concrete water regulating tunnel are respectively connected with the M river and the water regulating open channel, the two ends of the pressure steel pipe are respectively connected with the water regulating open channel and the T river, and a water inlet working gate system and a water outlet working gate system are further arranged at the two ends of the reinforced concrete water regulating tunnel, so that the problem that the barrier lake formed by the earthquake has no drainage outlet and the barrier dam collapses is solved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy projects and disaster prevention and reduction, and particularly discloses a comprehensive evaluation model and method for weir dam development and utilization, which constructs a multi-level index system including flood prevention and disaster reduction, economic benefit, ecological benefit, social benefit and safety and risk evaluation, and adopts a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation technology improved by a cloud model. The weight is determined through the cloud model scale, the membership degree is calculated, and finally the comprehensive benefit score and the development grade are output. According to the method, the defects of high fuzziness, randomness and subjectivity in traditional evaluation are overcome, and the method is suitable for collaborative decision-making of barrier dam risk management and resource development. The method can guide development and utilization of the barrier lake which turns waste into wealth, reduces disasters and makes benefit, and has important theoretical significance and practical value.

This invention discloses a method for determining the geometric and temporal characteristic parameters of a landslide dam breach based on overtopping failure. The method includes collecting basic parameters and determining the reservoir capacity characteristic coefficient; determining the final breach morphology parameters; calculating the water depth in front of the dam corresponding to the peak flow rate based on the actual discharge volume at the end of the breach and its corresponding depth, the discharge volume at the peak flow rate, and the reservoir capacity characteristic coefficient; determining the breach bottom width at the peak flow rate by combining empirical coefficients with the final breach bottom width; calculating the vertical breach depth at the peak flow rate based on the sediment transport balance principle, the final breach bottom width, and the trapezoidal similarity principle; and solving for the duration of the rapid development stage of the breach based on the water balance equation and the peak flow calculation formula. This invention proposes a method for determining breach development parameters, including the duration of the rapid development stage reaching the peak flow rate, the breach morphology at the peak, and the total breach duration of this stage, enabling scientific prediction of the discharge flow process during a landslide dam overtopping failure.

This invention belongs to the field of landslide dam failure testing, and in particular, a monitoring system for landslide dam failure testing. The proposed system includes an automatic real-time control system for reservoir inflow conditions, a strong unsteady flow measurement system for the failure flood, a breach development process measurement system, and a downstream topographic change measurement system. The breach development process measurement system and the downstream topographic change measurement system are both integrated with the strong unsteady flow measurement system for the failure flood. The automatic real-time control system for reservoir inflow conditions includes: an electric lifting gate, a leveling tower, an overflow weir, an electromagnetic flowmeter, an electric control valve, a data acquisition and control terminal, pipelines, and a casing. This invention employs a distortion-free high-definition industrial camera and a customized 3D laser scanner to construct a breach development process measurement subsystem, which includes four high-fidelity recorders for the failure process, a set of high-frequency sensing and 3D reconstruction instruments for refined breach topography, and a real-time analysis and control terminal.