532 results about "Surface marker" patented technology

Cells derived from human umbilical cords are disclosed along with methods for their therapeutic use. Isolation techniques, culture methods and detailed characterization of the cells with respect to their cell surface markers, gene expression, and their secretion of trophic factors are described.

This invention provides a method for deriving precursors to pluripotent non-embryonic stem (P-PNES) and pluripotent non-embryonic stem (PNES) cell lines. The present invention involves nuclear transfer of genetic material from a somatic cell into an enucleated, zona pellucida free human ooplastoid having a reduced amount of total cytoplasm. The present invention provides a new source for obtaining human and other animal pluripotent stem cells. The source utilizes as starting materials an oocyte and a somatic cell as the starting materials but does not require the use, creation and/or destruction of embryos or fetal tissue and does not in any way involve creating a cloned being. The oocyte never becomes fertilized and never develops into an embryo. Rather, portions of the oocyte cytoplasm are extracted and combined with the nuclear material of individual mature somatic cells in a manner that precludes embryo formation. Murine, bovine, and human examples of the procedure are demonstrated. Subsequently, the newly constructed P-PNES cells are cultured in vitro and give rise to PNES cells and cell colonies. Methods are described for culturing the P-PNES cells to yield purified PNES cells which have the ability to differentiate into cells derived from mesoderm, endoderm, and ectoderm germ layers. Methods are described for maintaining and proliferating PNES cells in culture in an undifferentiated state. Methods and results are described for analysis and validation of pluripotency of PNES cells including cell morphology, cell surface markers, pluripotent tumor development in SCID mouse, karyotyping, immortality in in vitro culture.

Cells derived from human umbilical cords are disclosed along with methods for their therapeutic use. Isolation techniques, culture methods and detailed characterization of the cells with respect to their cell surface markers, gene expression, and their secretion of trophic factors are described.

Methods of treatment of various bone indications, such as osteoporosis, in a mammal are provided wherein an effective amount of an antagonist that binds to a B-cell surface marker, such as a CD20 antibody, is administered, optionally also with another medicament such as an agent that treats such disorders in an effective amount. Articles of manufacture are also provided. Further, a method of inhibiting osteolysis in a mammal is provided comprising introducing into said mammal an isolated odontoprogenitor or osteoprogenitor cell comprising a nucleic acid encoding an antibody that binds to a B-cell surface marker.

The invention is directed to a compound comprising one or more CD1d complexes in association with an antibody specific for a cell surface marker. The CD1d complexes comprise a CD1d, a β2-microglobulin molecule, and may further comprise an antigen bound to the CD1d binding groove. The invention is further directed to methods of inhibiting or stimulating an immune response with the CD1d-antibody compounds, in particular anti-tumor and autoimmunity responses.

Human breast tumors contain hetrogeneous cancer cells. using an animal xenograft model in which human breast cancer cells were grown in immunocompromised mice we found that only a small minority of breast cancer cells had capacity to form new tumors. The ability to form new tumors was not a slochastic property, rather certain populations of cancer cells were depleted for the ability to form new tumors, while other populations were enriched for the ability to form new tumors. Tumorigenic cells could be distinguished from non-tumorigenic cancer cells based on surface marker expression. We prospectively identified and isolated the tumorigenic cells as CD44³⁰CD24^−/lowLINEAGE A few as 100 cells from this population were able to form tumors the animal xenograft model, while tens of thousands of cells from non-tumorigenic populations failed to form tumors. The tumorigenic cells could be serially passaged, each time generating new tumors containing and expanded numbers of CD44^+CD24 Lineage tumorigenic cells as well as phenotypically mixed populations of non-tumorigenic cancer cells. This is reminiscent of the ability of normal stem cells to self-renew and differentiate. The expression of potential therapeutic targets also differed between the tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic populations. Notch activation promoted the survival of the tumorigenic cells, and a blocking antibody against Notch 4 induced tumorigenic breast cancer cells to undergo apoptosis.

The invention relates to the discovery of a selective cell surface marker that permits the selection of a unique subset of pancreatic stems cells having a high propensity to differentiate into insulin producing cells or into insulin producing cell aggregates.

A method of treating anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis (ANCA-associated vasculitis) in a patient eligible for treatment is provided involving administering an antagonist that binds to a B-cell surface marker, such as CD20 antibody, to the patient in a dose of about 400 mg to 1.3 grams at a frequency of one to three doses within a period of about one month. Another method of treating ANCA-associated vasculitis in a subject eligible for treatment is provided involving administering an effective amount of an antibody that binds to a B-cell surface marker to the subject to provide an initial exposure and a subsequent exposure to the antibody within certain dosing regimens. Further provided are articles of manufacture useful for such methods.

A method, apparatus and system that employs particles, e.g., nanoparticles, and an electric or electro-magnetic field, to cause electroporation in target cells at reduced fields. Electroporation may be irreversible, leading to targeted cell death, or reversible, allowing species to be introduced into the target cell. The method introduces a particle to a position adjacent to the cell membrane of a target cell and exposes the target cell to a transient electromagnetic field for a time interval to cause targeted electroporation. A smaller electric field is applied, thereby surmounting similar methods. The particle enhances the effect of the electric field in its immediate vicinity, so reducing the field strength needed to achieve electroporation and thereby reducing the risk of damage to cells through high field exposure. Electroporation can be targeted to a subset of target cells by targeting the particles to surface markers on the target cell membrane.

Methods for improving the specific binding ability of bispecific binding compositions are described. The bispecific binding compositions are able to target cells by a high affinity targeting domain to a target cell surface marker and a low affinity binding domain that binds specifically to a second cell surface marker, wherein the binding of each domain to its respective cell surface marker increases or decreases, as desired, the biological activity of the respective cell surface markers. The invention further provides bispecific binding agents for use in the methods, as well as uses for the agents.

The present invention relates to a population of blood borne mammalian cells that express a unique profile of surface markers that includes certain markers typical of connective tissue fibroblasts, and are referred to herein as "blood-borne mesenchymal cells." In particular, it relates to the isolation, characterization and uses of such blood-borne mesenchymal cells. The cells of the present invention can be distinguished from peripheral blood leukocytes by their distinct size, morphology, cell surface phenotype and biologic activities, and are likewise distinguishable from connective tissue fibroblasts by other surface phenotypic markers. These cells proliferate in culture, and in vivo, as demonstrated in animal models, are capable of migrating into wound sites from the blood. Therefore, such blood-borne mesenchymal cells may have a wide range of applications, including, but not limited to, the promotion of wound healing, tissue remodeling, and for gene therapy.

The present invention relates to a population of blood borne mammalian cells that express a unique profile of surface markers that includes certain markers typical of connective tissue fibroblasts, and are referred to herein as "blood-borne mesenchymal cells." In particular, it relates to the isolation, characterization and uses of such blood-borne mesenchymal cells. The cells of the present invention can be distinguished from peripheral blood leukocytes by their distinct size, morphology, cell surface phenotype and biologic activities, and are likewise distinguishable from connective tissue fibroblasts by other surface phenotypic markers. These cells proliferate in culture, and in vivo, as demonstrated in animal models, are capable of migrating into wound sites from the blood. Therefore, such blood-borne mesenchymal cells may have a wide range of applications, including, but not limited to, the promotion of wound healing, tissue remodeling, and for gene therapy.

The invention discloses a method for detecting fluorescence resonance energy transfer by using a water-soluble upconversion fluorescence nanomaterial as a fluorescence donor and using a carbon nanomaterial as a fluorescence receptor. The method comprises the following specific steps: (1) preparing the water-soluble upconversion fluorescence nanomaterial and performing surface marker to obtain a fluorescence donor solution; (2) preparing the carbon nanomaterial to obtain a fluorescence receptor solution; (3) mixing the fluorescence donor solution and the fluorescence receptor solution for incubation and measuring the fluorescence intensity to obtain a fluorescence quenching curve; (4) mixing certain-concentration fluorescence donor solution and certain-concentration fluorescence receptor solution for incubation, adding a target object with different concentrations for continuous incubation, measuring the fluorescence intensity and drawing a standard curve; (5) calculating the concentration of the target object in an actual sample according to the standard curve. According to the method, interference of the background fluorescence of a biological sample can be avoided, detection to serum or the target object in a whole blood sample can be directly realized, the washing and separation processes are not needed, the detection speed is high, and the cost is low.

The invention discloses a method for efficiently separating single antigen-specific B lymphocyte from spleen cells. High-throughput rapid screening of single antigen-specific B lymphocyte is realizedby negative screening adopting multiple lymphocyte surface marker antibodies, establishment of a rapid fluorescence marked antigen substance method and high-specificity screening by use of a fluorescence marked antigen substance, and the positive rate of the finally obtained antibody-specific B lymphocyte is increased from less than 5% in a traditional hybridoma method to 30%. Therefore, the scheme can shorten monoclonal antibody development time to a great extent and greatly increase the number and diversity of obtained monoclonal antibodies.

Methods for improving the biological and pharmaceutical properties of bispecific binding agents are described herein where the bispecific binding agent are able to target cells by a high affinity binding domain to a first cell surface marker that does not induce a significant biological effect and a low affinity binding domain that binds specifically to a second cell surface marker, causing a significant and desired biological effect. Compositions of such bispecific binding agents, uses for them, and kits containing them are also provided.

The present invention relates to immunotoxins, that effectively kill malignant cells having a given surface marker and nucleic acid constructs encoding them. These reagents comprise a toxic moiety that is derived from a Rana pipiens protein having ribonucleolytic activity linked to an antibody capable of specific binding with a chosen tumor cell.

The present invention provides for immunoliposomes that optimizes internalization of a drug into target cells bearing a characteristic cell surface marker. The immunoliposomes comprise an Fab' domain of an antibody that specifically binds the characteristic marker, an amphipathic vesicle-forming lipid, and a polyethylene glycol derivatized lipid. The invention also provides for growth-inhibiting immunoliposomes that lack growth-inhibiting therapeutic agents and yet are capable of inhibiting the growth and proliferation of target cells.

Populations enriched for myogenic progenitors are obtained by selection on the basis of expression of specific cell surface markers. The muscle progenitor cells are characterized as being CD45⁻ and CD34⁺, and may further be characterized as lacking expression of Mac-1 (CD11b) and positive for expression of CXCR4 (CD184) and β1-integrin (CD29).

An apparatus and associated method for measuring transmitted optical distortion in a glass sheet includes a glass stand which receives a glass sheet for mounting between a background screen which includes a matrix of spaced apart dots, and a digital camera which captures (1) an image of the glass sheet surface, and (2) an image of the dot matrix transmitted through the glass sheet. The captured images are downloaded to a computer that is suitably programmed to analyze the image data to (1) determine the presence of any markings or elements on the surface of the glass sheet that should be isolated from the dot matrix image, (2) modify the background image to eliminate the image data corresponding to any such surface markings or elements from the image, and (3) determine characteristics indicative of optical distortion in the modified image of the dot matrix background transmitted through the glass sheet.

The present disclosure describes a tissue system with self-regenerating limbal stem cells, wherein the limbal stem cells are primarily undifferentiated stem cells (USCs). The tissue system is derived from isolated corneal limbal tissue, and is suitable for restoring ocular surface impairments, particularly those that result from limbal stem cell deficiencies. The tissue system is generated by selectively augmenting the tissue system for USCs, for example by selecting and sorting cells that express stem cell-specific surface markers, such as stage specific embryonic antigen marker 4 (SSEA-4). After isolation, the USCs are cultured on a tissue base in the presence of enriched medium to generate the tissue system, which is suitable for transplantation, implantation, or grafting.

The invention discloses a new method for detecting non-humoral rare karyotes. Non-humoral rare karyotes in a biological body fluid are obtained through many means, and the combined use of the antibody of a humoral cell surface marker and the specific probe of the non-humoral rare karyotes is carried out to discriminate the enriched rare karyotes. Compared with commercial discriminating methods existing in the present market, the method disclosed in the invention well combines a fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) method for processing the non-humoral rare karyotes with the immunofluorescence dyeing for processing humoral rare karyotes, realizes the systemic associative processing of a same specimen sheet, and can realize the intelligible observation of two processing results.