A traffic signal self-adaptive control method based on dynamic priority belongs to the technical field of intelligent transportation, and includes two parts, namely the optimal phase control strategy and stability supervisory mechanism, eliminates parameters such as period, split and phase difference in a traditional traffic signal control system, wherein the main process of the optimal phase control strategy includes the steps of modeling for a road network, building a directed weighted graph, calculating the dynamic priority of permission segments through the PageRank algorithm based on pagerank as per the built directed weighted graph, confirming the sequence of signal phases as per the priority of permission segments, and distributing the lighting time of green lights; as a supplement of the optimal phase control strategy, the stability supervisory mechanism is mainly in charge of supervising the permission conditions of all the segments in the traffic road network, and is used for granting the permission of one segment if the segment without the permission causes instability of the system, thereby guaranteeing the stability of the system. As parameters such as period, split and phase difference in the traditional traffic signal control system are eliminated, real-time response to the variation of traffic flow is realized, and the system is stable after the parameters such as period are removed.