This application relates to the field of intelligent operation and maintenance technology for
rail transit, and discloses a method and
system for collaborative inspection of track and overhead
contact line using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). It aims to solve problems in existing inspection
modes, such as isolated multi-UAV task planning, fragmented
perception modes, insufficient
system autonomy, and low efficiency, incomplete coverage, and data silos caused by disconnection from
train operation sequences. The method includes: receiving traffic control commands and selecting available UAVs, dividing inspection subgroups according to task type; and generating a globally optimal task sequence and flight path through multi-objective optimization. This application achieves synchronous
perception of all elements of the track and overhead
contact line, multi-UAV collaborative scheduling, and closed-
loop control through the above scheme, improving
data consistency to over 98%, increasing operational efficiency by 40%, supporting efficient inspection of 50 km of track, and achieving a defect
detection rate of 96.7%. It is suitable for intelligent operation and maintenance of large-scale railway networks.