The invention belongs to the technical field of health foods and relates to nutrition powder based on sweet potatoes and a preparation method of the nutrition powder. The nutrition powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of the sweet potatoes, 1-3 parts of sweet potato protein, 3-5 parts of sweet potato dietary fibers, 3-10 parts of semen cassiae, 6-10 parts of walnuts, 4-12 parts of pineapples, 4-12 parts of lemons, 10-20 parts of brown rice, 4-10 parts of fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae, 4-12 parts of tamarind fruits, 5-9 parts of donkey-hide gelatin, 4-8 parts of cashew nuts, 3-5 parts of mint, 10-20 parts of honey, 6-10 parts of tremella, 6-10 parts of grape seed powder and 6-12 parts of rose hips. The nutrition powder disclosed by the invention has the scorch aroma and the fruit fragrance, is fragrant and sweet in taste and has the effects of strengthening and nourishing the brain, enhancing memory ability, improving eyesight, soothing nerves, enhancing immunity, relieving fatigue, improving constipation and haemorrhoids, and the like.