The invention relates to the technical field of inspection and construction of seabed foundation beds and particularly relates to a deep-water sludge sampler. The sampler comprises a sampling tube, a piston, a push-and-pull rod, a handle, a closing plug, a bottom gland, a top gland and a gland pull rod, wherein the piston is tightly attached in the sampling tube and is connected with the push-and-pull rod; the handle is mounted at the top of the push-and-pull rod; the top gland and the bottom gland are respectively arranged at the top and bottom ends of the sampling tube and are connected outside the sampling tube by virtue of the gland pull rod; and the closing plug is matched with the bottom gland. The two glands are connected and laminated at two ends of the sampling tube through the gland pull rod, and by means of a mechanical connecting manner, the sampling tube is integrally formed, so that the sampling tube is convenient to assemble, disassemble and adjust. When the sampler is used for underwater sampling, back pressures are formed on the outer surfaces of the two glands by means of water pressure, so that the connection relationship is steady and sludge sampling is smoothly carried out. The sampler provided by the invention is reliable in principle, simple in structure, reasonable in material selection and convenient to operate, and solves the problem that the deep-water sludge sampling difficulty is great.