105 results about "Correlation detector" patented technology

In one embodiment of the invention, an apparatus is disclosed including an image sensor, a color filter array, and an image processor. The image sensor has an active area with a matrix of camera pixels. The color filter array is in optical alignment over the matrix of the camera pixels. The color filter array assigns alternating single colors to each camera pixel. The image processor receives the camera pixels and includes a correlation detector to detect spatial correlation of color information between pairs of colors in the pixel data captured by the camera pixels. The correlation detector further controls demosaicing of the camera pixels into full color pixels with improved resolution. The apparatus may further include demosaicing logic to demosaic the camera pixels into the full color pixels with improved resolution in response to the spatial correlation of the color information between pairs of colors.

A hearing aid circuit includes a correlation detector that detects correlation at a feedforward path input and that provides a correlation output to a phase shifter. The phase shifter introduces a phase shift along a feedforward path. A phase measurement circuit measures a phase shift at a feedforward path input, and provides a phase measurement output to an internal feedback processor. The internal feedback processor adjusts internal feedback as a function of the phase measurement to suppress coupling of external audio feedback along the feedforward path.

A new technique for identifying from images a camera, or other imaging device such as a scanner, is based on the device's reference noise pattern, a unique stochastic characteristic of all common digital imaging sensors, including CCD, CMOS (Foveon™ X3), and JFET. First, one determines from images the sensor's reference pattern noise, which uniquely identifies each sensor. To identify the sensor from a given image, the presence or absence of the reference pattern noise in the image under examination is established using a correlation detector or other means.

A hearing aid circuit includes a correlation detector that detects correlation at a feedforward path input and that provides a correlation output to a phase shifter. The phase shifter introduces a phase shift along a feedforward path. A phase measurement circuit measures a phase shift at a feedforward path input, and provides a phase measurement output to an internal feedback processor. The internal feedback processor adjusts internal feedback as a function of the phase measurement to suppress coupling of external audio feedback along the feedforward path.

The present invention relates to a novel photo-detector structure and method whereby light is detected in a semiconductor substrate. Through the use of a small current of majority carriers an electrical field is created that directs photo-generated minority carriers towards a detection region. In this way, a large sensitive area 34 for a detector can be designed with a detection region having low junction area and low associated detector capacitance, thus enhancing output signal to noise ratio and / or speed of attached readout circuits. Simultaneously, the assistant majority current can sweep the minority carriers from deep within the substrate towards the detection region, thus improving the overall detector sensitivity. By making the majority current reconfigurable, a photonic mixer structure with two or more detection regions can be conceived, whereby the direction of the applied current will determine in an efficient way to which detection region the photo-generated minority carriers will be directed. In this way, incident modulated light can get demodulated, such that phase and amplitude of the modulated light can be measured for a.o. range-finding applications.

A diversity receiver comprises: a control section for generating an antenna selection signal such that a plurality of antennas are sequentially selected on a one-by-one basis; a plurality of correlation sections which correspond to the plurality of antennas on a one-to-one basis, each of the correlation sections determining a correlation value between a signal received through a corresponding antenna and a predetermined pattern; and a correlation detector for detecting the predetermined pattern in a signal received through each of the plurality of antennas based on a correlation value determined by a corresponding one of the correlation sections and an average power corresponding to the antenna and outputting a detection result. The control section determines an antenna through which a signal including the predetermined pattern detected by the correlation detector is received as the antenna that is to be subsequently selected based on the detection result of the correlation detector.

The invention provides a joint LDPC encoding recursive MSK modulation and demodulation system, which comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end. The transmitting end comprises an LDPC external encoder and a recursive MSK modulator, and the receiving end comprises a quadrature down conversion and low-pass filter, a coarse carrier frequency offset estimation module, a buffer, a demodulation selector, an MSK differential demodulator, an N frame synchronization head-related detector, an MSK coherent demodulator, a carrier and timing synchronization processing module, a parallel / series conversion module and an LDPC decoder. The invention completely eliminates the performance loss caused by MSK differential encoding by fully integrating the recursive MSK differential encoding part into LDPC codes, fully utilizes the characteristic that the recursive MSK can carry out the differential demodulation, rapidly realizes the detection of frame synchronization head sequence of the LDPC codes under the premise of having no need of precise carrier synchronization, further switches to the MSK coherent demodulation, carries out synchronization and LDPC decoding and realizes the functions of rapid demodulation and decoding.

A system to monitor the integrity of a railway track is provided. The system comprises a mechanical signal source and a correlation detector. The mechanical signal source coupled to the railway track and is configured for generating a mechanical signal pulse train over the railway track. The correlation detector monitors the integrity of the railway track by observing the pulse trains transmitted by the mechanical signal sources. If the railway track is intact, then the pulse train will travel to the correlation detector and afford the opportunity for repeatable detection.

A high frequency communications system comprises eight multiplexed (112) spread spectrum channels with data in each channel transmitted using, for example, 32 semi-orthogonal codes to enable 5 bits of data to be sent for every coded symbol transmitted. The multiplexed data is connected to a phase shift key (PSK) modulator (117) to modulate an hf carrier. At the receiver, inband interference is removed by frequency excision (92, 128) or weighting, making use of the facts that the interference is generally narrow-band and the spectrum of the frequency components of the received signal should be symmetrical about the carrier frequency. The detected signal is Fourier transformed by an FFT processor (91) and then connected to an interference exciser (92, 128) where signal samples symmetrical about the carrier frequency are compared and any sample which exceeds the respective symmetrical sample by more than a predetermined threshold is excised or given a low weighting. After interference excision the remaining signal is connected to a bank (1210) of 32 cross-correlation detectors before connection to a maximum likelihood detector and decoder (1213).

In an OFDM receiver with a diversity configuration having a plurality of demodulation modules, to perform FFT window position recovery and clock recovery, the gain values calculated by the AGC units (16, 26) provided in the demodulation modules for adjusting the level of the received signal are supplied to a correlation combiner (35); the correlation combiner (35) multiplies the correlation signals supplied from the correlation detectors (17, 27) in the demodulation modules by coefficients calculated from the gain values, then adds the products to generate a combined correlation signal and supplies it to an FFT window position recovery unit (32) and a clock error detector (33). FFT window position recovery and clock recovery can thus be performed properly without depending on any one demodulation module.

An apparatus and method for performing digital timing recovery includes a rotating demultiplexor receiving a four times oversampled baseband signal and providing four downsampled phases at respective outputs. Each output is processed by a correlation detector which computes a peak sum signal for each downsampled phase. The peak sum signals are processed to produce a best phase select output signal. The best phase select output signal is used to select the optimum sampling phase. Symbol timing is then determined based on the relative peak offset in the best downsampled phase.

In an apparatus and method to acquire images with the aid of high-energy photons for the examination soft tissue parts, two x-ray exposures are simultaneously obtained in different energy ranges. At least two scintillators that transmit optical photons to associated detectors are disposed in the beam path of the x-ray photons.

Apparatus and method to verify the integrity of a digital image (i.e., deciding whether or not the entire image or just a portion has been tampered with, and / or finding the doctored area in the image). One first determines the imaging sensor's reference pattern noise, which serves as a unique fingerprint that identifies the imaging sensor that captured the image. To verify the integrity of the content in a region of the image, a correlation detector determines the presence or absence of the imaging sensor's reference pattern noise in that region, thereby verifying whether or not the image has integrity. The correlation detector can also find automatically one or more regions in the image that were tampered with. In another embodiment, one determines the pattern noise of only the image in question and tests that noise to determine whether or not the image has integrity.

Sensor system with a sensor device having a through-flow cell for liquid, a detector device for measuring a property of the liquid in the through-flow cell and for generating an associated detector signal, a sensor control for analyzing the detector signal, wherein the sensor control detects a liquid transition between two different liquids in the through-flow cell when a change (per unit time) in the detector signal is greater is than a threshold value. In the case of such a liquid transition detection, the sensor control generates an alarm signal. Liquid transition detection is carried out by optical, temperature and / or conductivity sensors.

An accurate building-specific location for a mobile device requesting Enhanced 911 (E911) emergency services is provided while located indoors. A central server and associated plurality of emergency 911 wireless call detectors are programmed with Master Street Address Guide (MSAG) information, and installed throughout the walls of a given building to provide comprehensive E911 coverage. The building-specific information includes room number, floor number, column number, and / or other building information regarding the relevant detector's location in a corresponding building, and thus an accurate position of the calling mobile device within a given building.

The present invention relates to a novel photo-detector structure and method whereby light is detected in a semiconductor substrate. Through the use of a small current of majority carriers an electrical field is created that directs photo-generated minority carriers towards a detection region. In this way, a large sensitive area 34 for a detector can be designed with a detection region having low junction area and low associated detector capacitance, thus enhancing output signal to noise ratio and / or speed of attached readout circuits. Simultaneously, the assistant majority current can sweep the minority carriers from deep within the substrate towards the detection region, thus improving the overall detector sensitivity. By making the majority current reconfigurable, a photonic mixer structure with two or more detection regions can be conceived, whereby the direction of the applied current will determine in an efficient way to which detection region the photo-generated minority carriers will be directed. In this way, incident modulated light can get demodulated, such that phase and amplitude of the modulated light can be measured for a.o. range-finding applications.

A multiuser detector method and receiver that detects and decodes synchronous or asynchronous CDMA subchannels having different spreading factors with reduced computational complexity. The multiuser receiver is compatible with ZF-BLE, MMSE, decorrelating detectors and the like using Cholesky decomposition to minimize numeric operations. The receiver and method arranges the columns of system transmission response matrices representing the response characteristics of individual users into a total system transmission response matrix which represents a plurality of matched-filter responses for a given block of received data. The invention when used in conjunction with Cholesky decomposition reduces the number of required mathematic operations prior to parallel matched filtering.

Apparatus and method to verify the integrity of a digital image (i.e., deciding whether or not the entire image or just a portion has been tampered with, and / or finding the doctored area in the image). One first determines the imaging sensor's reference pattern noise, which serves as a unique fingerprint that identifies the imaging sensor that captured the image. To verify the integrity of the content in a region of the image, a correlation detector determines the presence or absence of the imaging sensor's reference pattern noise in that region, thereby verifying whether or not the image has integrity. The correlation detector can also find automatically one or more regions in the image that were tampered with.

A system and method for spread spectrum communication primarily for use in mobile CDMA communication systems. The system receiver has simplified architecture, comprising a channel compensator and correlation detector. The channel compensator has a channel estimator and signal constructor. In a preferred embodiment, the channel estimator periodically computes the cross-ambiguity function of the transmitted and received pilot signals of the CDMA system using computationally efficient processing algorithms. The signal constructor uses the estimated multipath parameters to construct a new signal on which effects of the multipath channel is considerably mitigated.

In a code division multiple access signal receiving apparatus for demodulating transmit data by subjecting a receive signal to despread processing using a code sequence identical with a spreading-code sequence on a transmitting side, a cross-correlation detector calculates a cross-correlation value, on a per-symbol basis, between a spreading-code sequence for spread-spectrum modulating local-station-addressed transmit data and a spreading-code sequence for spread-spectrum modulating other-station-addressed transmit data; a discriminator discriminates whether the calculated cross-correlation value has exceeded a threshold value; and a switch halts input, to a decoder, of a portion of the receive signal that corresponds to the full interval or partial interval of a symbol where the cross-correlation value exceeds the threshold value.

A method, X-ray CT apparatus, and computer program product for obtaining data from a computed tomography (CT) scan, wherein projection data are obtained from at least two detector rows in a CT system, the projection data are filtered in a direction of the at least two detector rows to obtain filtered data in which windmill artifacts are reduced, and the filtered data are reconstructed.

An A / D converter converts the signal received by an array antenna and frequency-converted to a digital signal by a frequency converter. A correlation detector uses the chip rate as a cycle frequency and calculates a cyclic correlation matrix of spread spectrum signals stored in data storage. A cycle frequency detector detects the cycle frequency of an interference signal output from A / D converter. A correlation detector uses the detection result of the cycle frequency detector as a cycle frequency and calculates a cyclic correlation matrix of the signal, which becomes an interference signal, using the signal output from A / D converter. A direction of arrival is estimated, using the cyclic correlation matrices calculated by correlation detector and the correlation detector calculates the respective eigenvalues and eigenvectors and estimates the directions of arrival of a spread spectrum signal and a signal, which becomes an interference signal.

A method of utilizing the output of a first pulse processor, such as processor designed for use with an SDD, to generate the input signal expected by the second pulse processor, such as an existing processor not designed for use with an SDD. In one embodiment, piled-up pulses which would not be detected as such by the second pulse processor are omitted from the generated input signal. The method generates an output (which then serves as the input signal for the second pulse processor) of the same general form as the ramp signal from a detector with a pulsed-reset preamplifier, but which does not have the same noise characteristics. In addition, the method may alter the timing between the reconstructed steps in the ramp to increase the maximum throughput of the second pulse processor beyond what is normally possible with a direct connection to the associated detector.

A new technique for identifying from images a camera, or other imaging device such as a scanner, is based on the device's reference noise pattern, a unique stochastic characteristic of all common digital imaging sensors, including CCD, CMOS (Foveon™ X3), and JFET. First, one determines from images the sensor's reference pattern noise, which uniquely identifies each sensor. To identify the sensor from a given image, the presence or absence of the reference pattern noise in the image under examination is established using a correlation detector or other means.

The present invention relates to a method of simultaneously performing packet detection, symbol timing acquisition, and carrier frequency offset estimation in parallel using multiple correlation detection and a Bluetooth apparatus using the same, in which the Bluetooth apparatus receiving a frequency modulated signal includes a frequency demodulating unit converting the received signal into a similar amplitude modulated signal; and multiple correlation detectors generating multiple correlation indices from the converted signal, on a basis of an access address received from a link layer and a plurality of carrier frequency offset search windows. According to the present invention, since packet detection, symbol timing acquisition and carrier frequency offset estimation are simultaneously performed in parallel in the relatively long access address reception interval instead of the short preamble signal reception interval.

The invention relates to an optical coupling structure intended to couple electromagnetic radiation to the surface of a photodetector, wherein a coupling surface paved along mutually perpendicular first and second directions by a set of N series (M1i, M2i, . . . Mni) of first features, second features, . . . nth features, the features being identical within any one series, the features being distributed along the first and second directions, the distance between the centers of two adjacent features or the inter-reticular distances between two adjacent features being variable. The subject of the invention is also a detector or a laser source comprising said coupling structure.

A method of the present invention provides an efficient, two-stage, online method for discovering interactions among components and groups of components, including time-delayed effects, in large production systems. The first stage compresses a set of anomaly signals using a principal component analysis and passes the resulting eigensignals and a small set of other signals to the second stage, a lag correlation detector, which identifies time-delayed correlations. Real use cases are described from eight unmodified production systems.

In an apparatus and method to acquire Images with the aid of high-energy photons for the examination soft tissue parts, two x-ray exposures are simultaneously obtained in different energy ranges. At least two scintillators that transmit optical photons to associated detectors are disposed in the beam path of the x-ray photons.

An apparatus (101) for peeling release films (142) used in the manufacturing of liquid crystal display devices includes a winding mechanism for winding a pair of tapes (130) to peel a release film off from a polarization plate (141), a release film peeling mechanism, and a detecting means (120) having a mount (122) and several detectors (121). The detectors are installed on the mount for detecting any deviation of the tape. When a deviation occurs, the relevant detector sends a signal to a control unit (150). The control unit then sends out a signal to a power supply (160) of the apparatus to turn off the apparatus. The control unit also sends out a signal to an alarm device, so as to alert relevant personnel of the occurrence of the deviation.

The recognition of a frame synchronization pattern or unique word of a received signal may be enhanced using a data-aided estimator of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) together with a correlation detector of the unique word to be received. Detecting a frame synchronization pattern or a unique word in a received signal, the SNR is estimated on the received signal with a data-aided SNR estimator using the unique word to be received. If the estimated SNR exceeds a certain threshold, an eventual recognition of the unique word established by a correlation correlator of the receiver is considered reliable. Comparing the SNR with the threshold may be carried out either before or after the correlator has processed the unique word.