The invention discloses a special anesthetic mask for a gastrointestinal decompression patient. The special anesthetic mask is technically characterized by comprising a mask body, a gastrointestinal decompression tube, a clamping air bag, a breathing circuit interface, a facial air cushion and a connecting tube, wherein the breathing circuit interface and a fixing port are formed in the mask body,the clamping air bag is inlaid in the fixing port, the facial air cushion is arranged on the edge of the mask body and communicates with the clamping air bag through the connecting tube, and the clamping air bag is set as follows: when the clamping air bag expands, the gastrointestinal decompression tube is clamped and fixed by the clamping air bag, and when the clamping air bag contracts, the gastrointestinal decompression tube can move in the length direction of the tube body. When the mask of the gastrointestinal decompression patient is ventilated, air leakage caused by the gastrointestinal decompression tube is avoided, the gastrointestinal decompression can be prevented from degenerating under pressure, and risks of gastric content reflux and aspiration in the induction period of mask ventilation are reduced. Besides, inserting depth of the gastrointestinal decompression tube can be adjusted by adjusting the expanding degree of the clamping air bag, and meanwhile, the clamping air bag can be suitable for clamping the gastrointestinal decompression tubes with different sizes.