The invention relates to the field of medical biology, and provides a separation and amplification method and application of human dental pulp stem cells. The separation and amplification method comprises the following steps: S1, taking human dental pulp tissue, cutting the human dental pulp tissue into pieces, and adding collagenase I, hyaluronidase and dispase II for digestion to obtain digestedtissue and cell suspension; S2, filtering the digested tissue and cell suspension by using a filter screen, centrifuging the filtrate, and taking cell precipitate to obtain human dental pulp stem cells; and S3, inoculating the human dental pulp stem cells into a culture dish pre-coated with human fibronectin, adding a culture solution for culture, and performing subculture when convergence rate reaches 70-80%. The method has a short time for cell adherence, number of cells cultured to the 10th day of at least 4.5x105, high cell purity, positive expression rate of dental pulp stem cell surfacemarkers CD73, CD90 and CD105 above 99%, and negative index expression rate lower than 1.2%.