The invention discloses a hypersonic platform-based random frequency hopping radar sub-aperture synthetic imaging method. The method specifically comprises the following steps: 1, providing compensation; 2, performing relation derivation; 3, compensating and correcting; 4, performing imaging processing; and 5, performing full-aperture imaging. The invention relates to the technical field of radar imaging. According to the hypersonic platform-based random frequency hopping radar sub-aperture synthetic imaging method, after coherent accumulation is carried out on images of all sub-apertures, the intensity of the images at the center pixel of each scattering point image is enhanced due to in-phase addition, and the intensity of surrounding pixel points is weakened due to positive and negative offset, that is, relative to the images of all the sub-apertures, the image bright spot of each scatterer in the synthesized image becomes narrower in the speed direction, so that the lateral resolution is improved, the nominal lateral distance resolution of full-aperture coherent accumulation can be achieved, a high-resolution target image is effectively obtained, and the imaging effect is improved.