The invention provides a high-quality tunable photoproduction microwave source based on a semiconductor double-module laser. The microwave source comprises an amplification feedback laser, a three-port optical circulator, an optical coupler, an optical fiber amplifier and a polarization controller, wherein a port 2 of the optical circulator is connected with the amplification feedback laser, a port 1 of the optical coupler is connected with a port 3 of the optical circulator, the input end of the optical fiber amplifier is connected with a port 2 of the optical coupler to enable the feedback strength to be larger than a threshold value of self-injection locking of the amplification feedback laser, the input end of the polarization controller is connected with the output end of the optical fiber amplifier, the output end of the polarization controller is connected with a port 1 of the three-port optical circulator, and the polarization controller is used for controlling the polarization state of feedback signals, injected back by a feedback circuit, of the amplification feedback laser. The microwave source can overcome the defects of the stability and the line width of the microwave signals generated by the double-module laser, the high-quality microwave source with the tunable narrow line-width can be generated without using an external microwave source as a standard, and the microwave source has the advantages of being high in integration level, compact in structure, good in stability, simple in manufacturing process, low in cost and easy to realize.