The invention discloses a neutral descaling agent for efficiently removing carbonate and iron oxide scales, and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of descaling agents and preparation methods thereof. A purpose of the invention is to solve the technical problems of strong corrosivity and environmental pollution of the existing descaling agent. The neutral descaling agent is prepared from an organic acid, an organic acid salt, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, benzotriazole and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, wherein the organic acid is citric acid or malic acid, and theorganic acid salt is sodium citrate or sodium malate. The method comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials, and mixing the raw materials. According to the invention, the descaling agent is prepared by adding the corrosion inhibitors benzotriazole and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid into the organic acid citric acid or malic acid and mixing, is simple in preparation method, efficient and convenient to use, basically free of corrosion to containers such as steel pipelines and the like, free of any destructive effect on the environment, safe and reliable, and is used for removingcarbonate and iron oxide scales.