The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines, and discloses a cardiothoracic surgery auxiliary control system based on virtual reality. The cardiothoracic surgery auxiliary control system based on virtual reality comprises an information acquisition module, a sensing module, an image acquisition module, a central control module, an image processing module, a three-dimensional model construction module, a lesion information extraction module, a three-dimensional lesion model construction module, a surgery planning module, a positioning module, a navigation module, a surgery monitoring module, an early warning module and a display module. According to the system, a cardiothoracic model is constructed by using image data, so that the system has higher spatial resolution and more accurate and richer structural information. According to the system, a specific lesion model is reconstructed based on virtual reality equipment before the operation, so that a doctor can go deep into the lesion, observe tiny lesions at any angle and make three-dimensional operation planning. Compared with a traditional planning mode through a two-dimensional section, the system is more visual, three-dimensional, accurate and comprehensive.