The invention discloses a rice and shrimp breeding separation efficient comprehensive planting and breeding method, which comprises the following steps: S1, field engineering standardization transformation: selecting a field with sufficient water source, excellent water quality and convenient irrigation and drainage to carry out rice and shrimp comprehensive planting and breeding, the area of a single field is preferably 20-60 mu, the field is rectangular, and the length-width ratio is 2: 1; the water inlet system is an open channel, the depth is 50cm, the bottom width is 30-40cm, and the section of the cement slope protection is trapezoidal; s2, green cultivation of rice: raising seedlings from late May to early June, and transplanting in mid-to-late June; base fertilizer is mainly applied, and 100-150 kg/mu decomposed manure and 15-20 kg/mu compound fertilizer are used as the base fertilizer; s3, accurately and efficiently culturing the crayfishes: promoting the crayfishes to mate in advance, lay eggs, incubate and grow juvenile crayfishes through a method at least comprising the steps of erecting a sunshade net for cooling, drying a field or pond to fortify parent crayfishes to live in holes, returning water and planting grass, and increasing nutrition; according to the method, the purpose of continuously producing large-size crayfish is achieved by adopting a breeding mode of rice and crayfish breeding separation and stubble rotation field cleaning, the market competitiveness of the crayfish is high, and the economic benefit is improved.