49results about "Artificial lines" patented technology

An apparatus and method for multi-point detection in a power source equipment (PSE) device is provided. During multi-point detection, a series of at least four currents is sequentially applied to a link port of the PSE device. Each current is applied during a different measurement interval. A voltage measurement sample is obtained for each of the measurement intervals. A difference in voltage between alternating voltage samples is determined and used by a detection module to determine whether a valid power device is coupled to the link port of the PSE.

The invention provides a dual-mode microwave filter, comprising a rectangular resonator of length l, height b, and width a operating in two distinct modes (m, 0, n) and (p, 0, q) from a single family of modes and presenting the same direction as the E field, and wherein coupling and mode excitation discontinuities are inductive and in the same direction.

An attenuator for radio frequency applications includes variable shunt elements and series transmission elements. The impedances of the variable shunt elements and the series transmission elements are selected so that the impedance of the attenuator at the input terminal remains at a nominal value for all attenuation levels, thereby producing low loss at high frequencies. The use of the attenuator as a switch yields a non-reflective switch at radio frequencies.

Devices for reducing and determining the skew between colour video signals transmitted over at least two different video cables are described. A KVM extender including such devices is also described. The skew reduction device includes a plurality of video signal transmission tracks selectably connectable to each of the video cables to increase the video signal transmission path length so as to more closely matching the total video signal path length for each of the colour video signals. The skew determination device comprises a processing device, a signal generator for applying measuring signals to each of the video signal cables and signal detection circuitry to receive measuring signals transmitted over the video signal cables. Detection signals are output to the processing device which is programmed to determine an indication of the transmission path length difference between the video signal cables.

A plurality of first conductor patterns (200) are insular electrode patterns located at a first layer. The first conductor patterns (200) are arranged in a repetitive pattern and are separated from each other. A second conductor pattern (100) is located at a second layer parallel to the first layer, and extends in a sheet shape in a region opposite the plurality of first conductor patterns (200). An opening (300) is provided in each of the plurality of first conductor patterns (200). Third conductor patterns (400) are located at the first layer and disposed in each of a plurality of openings (300). The third conductor patterns (400) are separated from the first conductor patterns (200). Connection conductors (500) connect the third conductor patterns (400) to the first conductor patterns (200).

A high-frequency circuit device includes a dielectric member 1, a shielding conductor 2 surrounding the dielectric member 1, a support member 3 for fixing and supporting the dielectric member 1, and a pair of transmission lines 4 each of which is formed of a microstrip-line. Each of the transmission lines includes a substrate 6 formed of a dielectric material, a strip conductor 5, and an earth conductor layer 9. An end portion of the strip conductor 5 faces part of the dielectric member 1 and functions as a coupling probe for input / output coupling. Each of the transmission lines 4 is formed of a strip line, a mictostrip line, a coplanar line or the like, and has low-loss when connected to a circuit board.

An apparatus and method of implementing a circuit representing a complex polynomial equation in a hardware description language (HDL) for implementing an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) is provided. A serial circuit representing the complex polynomial equation is implemented in a software program. The serial circuit implementation is simulated to produce a plurality of parallel equations that are mapped into HDL with ASCII strings. In one embodiment, the complex polynomial equation is a Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) code utilized in forward error correction circuitry.

A transceiver comprising a plurality of components coupled to one another to form a transmit path and a receive path and a balun. The balun comprises a primary inductor, two pairs of secondary inductors and switched impedance modules. The primary inductor is configured to couple to the communications medium at an unbalanced port end. The two pairs of secondary inductors are each configured to electromagnetically couple with the primary inductor and each providing an associated one of two balanced, ports coupled to components forming the transmit path and the receive path. The switched impedance modules are each coupled to a corresponding one of the two pairs of secondary inductors to switchably split into a virtual open, one pair of secondary inductors associated with an inactive, one of the balanced ports and to couple another pair of secondary inductors associated with an active one of the balanced ports either to each other or to a virtual ground.

A cable simulator that comprises an input device configured to receive a communication signal. The cable simulator further comprises a circuit configured to simulate attenuation in both the differential mode and common mode components of a communication signal.

An attenuator for radio frequency applications includes variable shunt elements and series transmission elements. The impedances of the variable shunt elements and the series transmission elements are selected so that the impedance of the attenuator at the input terminal remains at a nominal value for all attenuation levels, thereby producing low loss at high frequencies. The use of the attenuator as a switch yields a non-reflective switch at radio frequencies.

A metamaterial simultaneously exhibiting a relative effective permeability and a relative effective permittivity below unity over a wide bandwidth, including: one of a two-dimensional and a three-dimensional arrangement of unit cells, wherein each of the unit cells has a magnetic dipole moment and an electric dipole moment that are dependent upon one or more of an incident magnetic field and an incident electric field; and a coupling mechanism operable for coupling one or more of the incident magnetic field and the incident electric field to one or more devices. Optionally, the coupling mechanism includes one or more of a split ring and a pair of parallel plates coupled by one of a rod and a wire. The one or more devices are non-Foster elements.

An improved method and a communication means node implementing the method for load control in connection with a multimedia service transmission intended for multiple receivers over a wireless network are disclosed. The receivers in the wireless network are able to respond to requests communicated from an ordering entity by feeding back responses to a management entity in said wireless network. The feedback of these responses uses a different communication means, separate from said wireless network. This different communication means has limited communication resources. A transmission load caused in said different communication means by said feedback of said responses is according to the invention controlled by the different communication means itself.

According to embodiments of the present invention, a multi-lines cable simulator is provided which is able to simulate also crosstalk between lines. The multi-lines cable simulator is comprised in a modular unit configured to simulate increased number of lines by means adding further modular units. According to further embodiments, the modular unit is configured to also simulate increased line length by means of adding further modular units.

The invention discloses an adjusting system of output power of ports on an Ethernet switch and a method thereof. The system comprises a virtual cable test module, a relation table module of cable length values and pre-emphasis multiple values and a pre-emphasis readjusting module, wherein the virtual cable test module is used for carrying out length measurement for inserted cables and sending the obtained cable length values by measurement to the relation table module of cable length values and pre-emphasis multiple values; the relation table module of cable length values and pre-emphasis multiple values is used for searching corresponding pre-emphasis multiple values in a relation table of cable length values and pre-emphasis multiple values according to the cable length values and sending the pre-emphasis multiple values to the pre-emphasis readjusting module; and the pre-emphasis readjusting module is used for carrying out adjusting and output to output power of ports according to the pre-emphasis multiple values. The invention overcomes the problems that the output power of the ports of the switch surpasses power needed actually so as to cause that the power is wasted and the electrical power consumption is increased.

A transmission line and method for implementing includes a plurality of segments forming an electrical path and a continuous optical path passing through the segments. Discrete inductors are formed between and connect adjacent segments. The inductors are formed in a plurality of metal layers of an integrated circuit to balance capacitance of an optical modulator which includes the transmission line to achieve a characteristic impedance for the transmission line.

A two-dimensional left-handed metamaterial that functions as a two-dimensional electromagnetic wave propagation medium in which the equivalent permittivity and permeability of the medium are both negative, exhibits superior low-loss, broadband characteristics as a left-handed material, and has a simple constitution, enabling low-cost manufacture.

The invention relates to a method for estimating the length of a transmission line, which comprises the steps of: generating a detecting signal to the transmission line, wherein the detecting signal sequentially comprises a first pulse and a second pulse which have reverse voltages; receiving a reflecting signal of the detecting signal from the transmission line; and judging the length of the transmission line according to a superposed waveform of the detecting signal and the reflecting signal. The name of the invention is method and device for estimating the length of the transmission line.

An optical recording medium has a plurality of information layers which are placed between a substrate and an optically transparent cover layer with optically transparent spacer layers interposed between the information layers. From among the plurality of information layers, the information layer excluding the information layer arranged closest to the substrate and the information layer adjacent to the information layer closest to the substrate has asymmetrical reflection characteristics in which reflectance on the substrate side when light incident from the substrate side is reflected on the information layer toward the substrate side is lower than the reflectance on the cover layer side when light incident from the cover layer side is reflected on the information layer toward the cover layer side.

First, the method builds the model of the new cross talk loss at far and near ends of twisted-pairs so as to obtain the amplitude information and the phase information of the return loss so that the result with more truthfulness is gotten. Then, the design of equivalent electric circuit elements is carried out for the said information in order to embed the designed elements into entire design system to execute the system simulation. The invention shortens system design cycle greatly and raises accuracy of designs.

In a driver circuit 10 for outputting a simulated signal simulating an input signal subjected to transmission loss, corresponding to the input signal, the driver circuit 10 comprises: a main driver 18 which receives the input signal and outputs an output signal corresponding to the input signal; a sub driver 20 which receives the input signal and outputs an output signal given by inverting the input signal; a high frequency emphasizing circuit 22 which receives the input signal of the sub driver 20 and outputs an output signal having the high frequency of the input signal of the sub driver 20 emphasized; and an addition unit 24 which outputs the simulated signal given by adding the output signal of the main driver 18 and the output signal of the high frequency emphasizing circuit 22.

The present invention discloses a method for controlling quality of line communication which comprises the steps as follows: a, a subscriber line modem transmits data in the process of iteration affusion and the velocity of transmitting data adopts the data transmitting velocity that the aforesaid subscriber line after degradation affirms in the process of every affusion circle of iteration affusion. The present invention solves the prior art defect and adopts that the subscriber line modem transmits data simultaneously in every affusion circle of iteration affusion. The bit table item corresponding to the velocity of transmitting data adopts that the transmitting power skn of every son carrier wave TONE which is caused according to every affusion circle of iteration affusion and makes the highest value of an objective function wnbkn-Lambadanskn to subtracts an overmeasure by the augmenting of noise of other lines. Thereby, the present invention avoids the problem that one subscriber line works unsteadily when transmitting data because of the noise change of other subscriber lines in the process of the iteration affusion.

The invention provides a selection device of clock reference in a structured circuit simulation system, which is used for receiving a multi-channel circuit clock and a multi-channel pseudowire (PW) clock, selecting one channel from the multi-channel circuit clock or the multi-channel PW clock as the main clock reference to output, and selecting one channel from the multi-channel circuit clock or the multi-channel PW clock as the standby clock reference to output. The invention further provides a selection method of the clock reference in the structured circuit simulation system. The invention can flexibly select to extract a clock from a circuit as a reference or to extract some PW recovery clock from a PSN side as a reference.

A direct coupled resonator filter having a plurality of resonant cavities (15) such that they are separated by means of inner (18) walls and a coupling (16) means couples two adjoining resonant cavities (15) since the coupling (169 means is located in a slot (20) defined in the inner (18) wall. Thus, a portion of an edge of the slot (20) comes into electric contact with the coupling (16) means. In general, this portion of the edge of the slot (20) corresponds to a horizontal edge surface of the inner (18) wall. It should be noted that the coupling (16) means is perpendicular to a vertical plane defined by the slot (20).

The present invention provides a two-dimensional left-handed metamaterial that functions as a two-dimensional electromagnetic wave propagation medium in which the equivalent permittivity and permeability of the medium are both negative, exhibits superior low-loss, broadband characteristics as a left-handed material, and has a simple constitution, enabling low-cost manufacture.The two-dimensional left-handed metamaterial is formed by disposing unit structures 10 constituted by a conductor regularly on a plane, the unit structure including: a columnar first prism, a central axis of which is oriented perpendicularly to the plane; a columnar second prism that has a central axis in an identical direction to the first prism and is disposed at a remove from the first prism in a central axis direction; and a connecting body for electrically connecting the first prism and the second prism to each other. The unit structures are disposed in identical positions in a perpendicular direction to the plane and so as not to contact another unit structure.

A microwave resonator, in particular for a filter, comprising a resonant cavity having positioned therein a plane resonator element, frequency tuning means, and intermode coupling means, the resonator element being made of a dielectric material that is at least approximately in the shape of a parallelogram and being disposed transversely in the cavity in such a manner that the vertices of the parallelogram are short-circuited to one another by the conductive inner wall of said cavity. The resonator has at least one other plane resonator element made of dielectric material in a shape that is at least approximately that of a parallelogram, the resonator elements being placed close together, mutually parallel, and extending transversely to a central axis of the cavity. The frequency tuning means and the intermode coupling means are positioned between the parallel resonator elements.

A method and architecture for pairing of Guard Band Frequencies in PGSM / EGSM 900 MHz and DCS 1800 MHz Bands, as also in US Cellular Bands and US PCS Bands, for effecting duplexed cellular mobile telecommunication services like I-Den, GSM, PGSM, EGSM, CDMA, CDMA 2000, UMTS & WCDMA & any other duplexed use in the guard bands. The method and architecture- of the present invention / innovation leads to two additional interspersed Bands available for exploitation of mobile cellular telecommunication systems, leading to an inherently additional utilization of spectrum that was unutilized in the Art, leading to a near optimal and efficient utilization of a scarce natural resource like spectrum. Further, this present embodiment leads to a balanced link compared to the embodiment in the Art.

A transmission line and method for implementing includes a plurality of segments forming an electrical path and a continuous optical path passing through the segments. Discrete inductors are formed between and connect adjacent segments. The inductors are formed in a plurality of metal layers of an integrated circuit to balance capacitance of an optical modulator which includes the transmission line to achieve a characteristic impedance for the transmission line.