The invention discloses a method and a system for realizing an inverted index based on character string segmentation on SQL On HBase. The method comprises the following specific steps: generating an index structure, optimizing grammar of an index, optimizing a database, inserting records, updating the records, forbidding the index, deleting data, generating new index data, and querying a data table according to the index data to obtain a corresponding query result. According to the method, the query range can be reduced, and the query efficiency is improved by adopting a method of further accurately querying on the base table based on the reduced record number; compared with the prior art, the method does not depend on components of a third party, is completely based on the architecture ofthe database, realizes inverted indexing, support of front fuzzy, middle fuzzy, rear fuzzy and front and rear fuzzy queries on the traditional relational database, greatly improves the efficiency offuzzy query, and makes the support of unstructured data better.