The invention discloses a waterproof heat dissipation device for a set top box, and relates to the technical field of set top box protection. The waterproof heat dissipation device comprises a protective shell, the top of the protective shell is provided with a shell cover, the top of the shell cover is fixedly connected with symmetrically distributed top rods, the top of each top rod is fixedly connected with a baffle plate, the inner side of the shell cover is fixedly connected with a positive plate, the inner side of the shell cover is fixedly connected with a negative plate, the inner side of the shell cover is provided with water guide cavity channels which are symmetrically distributed left and right, and the inner side of the protective shell is slidably connected with a placement plate. According to the device, through cooperation of the positive plate, the negative plate, a magnetic block, a plug and the like, when water is splashed to the top of the protective shell, the water is collected to the top of the shell cover, the positive plate and the negative plate are communicated, the magnetic block can be electrified to generate magnetism to be adsorbed, a sliding block drives a mounting plate and the plug to move, the plug blocks ventilation holes, and water is prevented from entering the inner side of the protective shell from the ventilation holes to damage the set top box.