The invention relates to a manual ultrasonic visual nondestructive detection device and method based on camera shooting positioning. The device comprises a video camera, a data acquisition card, an industrial control computer, an ultrasonic flaw detector, a detector, stable light sources, a support and a workbench. The video camera and the stable light sources are both fixed on the support, the video camera is over against the workbench, the stable light sources are used for lighting the workbench, the detector is connected to the ultrasonic flaw detector, performs ultrasonic detection on a tested piece placed on the workbench, and provides the test data to the ultrasonic flaw detector, the data acquisition card collects the output data of the ultrasonic flaw detector and provides the datato the industrial control computer, the video camera provides the shot image data to the industrial control computer, and the industrial control computer processes the received image data and the output data of the ultrasonic flaw detector so as to obtain an ultrasonic C scanning detection image of the tested piece, thereby realizing ultrasonic visual nondestructive detection based on camera shooting positioning.