The invention discloses an ordered binary decision diagram modeling method for distribution network fault recovery. The method includes a first step of carrying out partition on a power distribution network, and using an on-off state as a decision variable, a second step of forming an adjacent matrix of the power distribution network according to a forming method of the adjacent matrix of an undirected graph, a third step of forming a reachable matrix of the power distribution network, a fourth step of forming boolean functions of each restriction of fault recovery, a fifth step of combining to generate a final binary decision diagram, and obtaining a contractive solution space, a sixth step of carrying out load flow calculation on feasible solutions one by one in the solution space after contraction, and carrying out safety verification, and a seventh step of obtaining an optimal recovery scheme according to priority levels of optimized objective functions. The modeling method has the advantages of effectively reducing the solution complexity of fault recovery problems, overcoming the defect that a traditional artificial intelligence algorithm is prone to premature convergence in local optimal solution, and improves understanding reliability and the like.