The invention discloses a heterogeneous catalyst adopting a hierarchical pore structure and adopting
phosphine-containing organic mixed
polymer-
metal as well as preparation and an application of the heterogeneous catalyst in production of
aldehyde with a high normal / isomeric ratio through internal olefin
hydroformylation. In the heterogeneous catalyst, one, two or three of
metal Rh, Co and Ir are taken as
active components, and a
phosphine-containing organic mixed
polymer adopting the hierarchical pore structure is taken as a carrier and is prepared from multidentate organic
phosphine ligands containing alkylene and monodentate organic phosphine ligands through copolymerization. The coordinate bond type heterogeneous catalyst is applicable to a
fixed bed reactor, a
slurry bed reactor, a
bubble column reactor, a
trickle-
bed reactor and other reactors. The provided heterogeneous catalyst has good presentation in the internal olefin
hydroformylation reaction, internal olefins are firstly isomerized to be terminal-group olefins under the action of the catalyst, a
hydroformylation reaction is performed, corresponding normal
aldehyde is selectively generated, accordingly, the normal / isomeric ratio of the product
aldehyde is high and can be higher than 15, and the content of
alkane in the obtained product is lower than 1%.