The invention relates to a method for establishing a model for rapidly detecting the quality of synthetic borneol through near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. By means of the method, the problems about detection of authenticity of synthetic borneol variety and quality of synthetic borneol can be effectively solved. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises steps as follows: 1), a synthetic borneol sample is collected, original spectrums are collected, and the average spectrum is acquired; 2), a synthetic borneol water content consistency check model is established; 3), a first synthetic borneol identification consistency model is established; 4), a second synthetic borneol identification consistency model is established; and 5), a quantitative analysis model of borneol in synthetic borneol is established. According to the method, rapid detection of the quality of synthetic borneol is effectively guaranteed, fake and shoddy products are prevented, large-scale industrial production of synthetic borneol and body health of people are facilitated, and the method has an actual application value, can accurately detect the authenticity and quality of synthetic borneol, is good in use effect and is an innovation method for detecting authenticity of synthetic borneol variety and quality of synthetic borneol.