The invention provides a node-tree-based engineering supervision task processing method and device. Nodes and leaves of a node tree are set engineering supervision tasks, and data of the nodes and theleaves and relational structures of the data are stored in a data file; the method comprises the steps that current progress of engineering supervision is obtained, and associated nodes of the node tree is sought in the data file according to the current progress; all nodes belonging to the associated nodes in the node tree form a to-do task list, and data containing the to-do task list is pushedto associated users through a network; when the associated users receive the to-do task list, related engineers are assigned to tasks in the to-do task list, and data containing the tasks is pushed to the related engineers corresponding to the tasks through the network; when the related engineers receive the data containing the tasks, the tasks are executed, and task results are collected. According to the method and device, the technical effects of optimizing engineering supervision task processing and achieving irreversibility and traceability of data archiving can be achieved.