30 results about "Spatial variance" patented technology

Systems, methods and apparatus are provided through which in some embodiments an X-Ray energy target includes composite material that varies spatially in thermal properties, and in some embodiments, the composite material varies spatially in strength properties. In some embodiments, the spatial variance is a continuum and in other embodiments, the spatial variance is a plurality of distinct portions.

The invention discloses a method for measuring dark signal non-uniformity and photon response non-uniformity of a CCD (charge coupled device) chip, which mainly solves the problem of insufficient measurement precision of performance parameters of a CCD of the prior art. The method includes steps of selecting the wavelength eta corresponding to the maximum quantum efficiency of the CCD chip, setting a wavelength-adjustable monochromatic uniform light source, and generating monochromatic light with the wavelength eta; then selecting integration time required to realize 50% exposure of the CCD chip, and adopting the integration time as a parameter to control the CCD chip to shoot two groups of image sequences and upload the two groups of image sequences to a computer; and computing parameters of the dark signal non-uniformity DSNU and the photon response non-uniformity PRNU of the CCD chip by means of computing a total average gray value and a spatial variance according to the two groups of images. The method has the advantages of high measurement precision and fine stability, and can be used for assessing performances of CCD chips.

A detection system and method. The inventive system includes an arrangement for receiving a frame of image data; an arrangement for performing a rate of change of variance calculation with respect to at least one pixel in said frame of image data; and an arrangement for comparing said calculated rate of change of variance with a predetermined threshold to provide output data. In the illustrative embodiment, the frame of image data includes a range / Doppler matrix of N down range samples and M cross range samples. In this embodiment, the arrangement for performing a rate of change of variance calculation includes an arrangement for calculating a rate of change of variance over an N×M window within the range / Doppler matrix. The arrangement for performing a rate of change of variance calculation includes an arrangement for identifying a change in a standard deviation of a small, localized sampling of cells. In accordance with the invention, the arrangement for performing a rate of change of variance calculation outputs a rate of change of variance pixel map.

A motionless adaptive focus stereoscopic scene capture apparatus employing tunable liquid crystal lenses is provided. The apparatus includes at least two image sensors preferably fabricated as a monolithic stereo image capture component and at least two corresponding tunable liquid crystal lenses preferably fabricated as a monolithic focus adjustment component. Using a variable focus tunable liquid crystal lens at each aperture stop provides constant magnification focus control. Controlled spatial variance of a spatially variant electric field applied to the liquid crystal of each tunable liquid crystal lens provides optical axis shift enabling registration between stereo images. A controller implements coupled auto-focusing methods employing multiple focus scores derived from at least two camera image sensors and providing multiple tunable liquid crystal lens drive signals for synchronous focus acquisition of a three dimensional scene. Wafer manufacture provides a compact stereoscopic image capture apparatus for endoscopic surgery, optical inspection and entertainment applications.

A method of video encoding is provided that includes computing spatial variance for video data in a block of a video sequence, estimating a first bit-rate based on the spatial variance, a transform coefficient threshold, and variance multiplicative factors empirically determined for first transform coefficients, and encoding the block based on the first bit-rate.

A detection system and method. The inventive system includes an arrangement for receiving a frame of image data; an arrangement for performing a rate of change of variance calculation with respect to at least one pixel in said frame of image data; and an arrangement for comparing said calculated rate of change of variance with a predetermined threshold to provide output data. In the illustrative embodiment, the frame of image data includes a range / Doppler matrix of N down range samples and M cross range samples. In this embodiment, the arrangement for performing a rate of change of variance calculation includes an arrangement for calculating a rate of change of variance over an N×M window within the range / Doppler matrix. The arrangement for performing a rate of change of variance calculation includes an arrangement for identifying a change in a standard deviation of a small, localized sampling of cells. In accordance with the invention, the arrangement for performing a rate of change of variance calculation outputs a rate of change of variance pixel map.

A detection system and method. The inventive system includes an arrangement for receiving a frame of image data; an arrangement for performing a rate of change of variance calculation with respect to at least one pixel in said frame of image data; and an arrangement for comparing said calculated rate of change of variance with a predetermined threshold to provide output data. In the illustrative embodiment, the frame of image data includes a range / Doppler matrix of N down range samples and M cross range samples. In this embodiment, the arrangement for performing a rate of change of variance calculation includes an arrangement for calculating a rate of change of variance over an N×M window within the range / Doppler matrix. The arrangement for performing a rate of change of variance calculation includes an arrangement for identifying a change in a standard deviation of a small, localized sampling of cells. In accordance with the invention, the arrangement for performing a rate of change of variance calculation outputs a rate of change of variance pixel map.

In a video system, a method and system for block noise reduction are provided. Edge parameters based on spatial variance may be determined to detect vertical edges that may result from block noise. These edge parameters may be determined serially. Once detected, pixels neighboring the vertical edges may be filtered and clamped to determine a vertical block noise reduction difference (BNR) parameter. Similarly, edge parameters based on spatial variance may be determined to detect horizontal edges that may result from block noise. These edge parameters may be determined serially. Once detected, pixels neighboring the horizontal edge may be filtered and clamped to determine a horizontal BNR difference parameter. The vertical and horizontal BNR difference parameters may be utilized to reduce block noise artifacts in the video image.

A detection system and method. The inventive system includes an arrangement for receiving a frame of image data; an arrangement for performing a variance calculation with respect to at least one pixel in the frame of image data; and an arrangement for comparing the calculated variance with a predetermined threshold to provide output data. In the illustrative embodiment, the frame of image data includes a range / Doppler matrix of N down range samples and M cross range samples. In this embodiment, the arrangement for performing a variance calculation includes an arrangement for calculating a variance over an N×M window within the range / Doppler matrix. The arrangement for performing a variance calculation includes an arrangement for identifying a change in a standard deviation of a small, localized sampling of cells. In accordance with the invention, the arrangement for performing a variance calculation outputs a variance pixel map.

Steered spatial compounding is provided in ultrasound imaging. Component frames of data associated with different spatial response are processed to identify different sources of signals. Matched filtering and / or spatial variance with erosion distinguish between sources of signals, such as distinguishing between (1) anatomical structure and (2) soft tissue and / or noise. The locations in the patient are segmented by the source of signals and different compounding is applied for the different sources.

A motionless adaptive focus stereoscopic scene capture apparatus employing tuneable liquid crystal lenses is provided. The apparatus includes at least two image sensors preferably fabricated as a monolithic stereo image capture component and at least two corresponding tuneable liquid crystal lenses preferably fabricated as a monolithic focus adjustment component. Using a variable focus tuneable liquid crystal lens at each aperture stop provides constant magnification focus control. Controlled spatial variance of a spatially variant electric field applied to the liquid crystal of each tuneable liquid crystal lens provides optical axis shift enabling registration between stereo images. A controller implements coupled auto-focusing methods employing multiple focus scores derived from at least two camera image sensors and providing multiple tuneable liquid crystal lens drive signals for synchronous focus acquisition of a three dimensional scene. Wafer manufacture provides a compact stereoscopic image capture apparatus for endoscopic surgery, optical inspection and entertainment applications.

A detection system and method. The inventive system includes an arrangement for receiving a frame of image data; an arrangement for performing a variance calculation with respect to at least one pixel in the frame of image data; and an arrangement for comparing the calculated variance with a predetermined threshold to provide output data. In the illustrative embodiment, the frame of image data includes a range / Doppler matrix of N down range samples and M cross range samples. In this embodiment, the arrangement for performing a variance calculation includes an arrangement for calculating a variance over an N×M window within the range / Doppler matrix. The arrangement for performing a variance calculation includes an arrangement for identifying a change in a standard deviation of a small, localized sampling of cells. In accordance with the invention, the arrangement for performing a variance calculation outputs a variance pixel map.

Motion detection in interlaced video fields, as useful in de-interlacing, includes spatial-temporal maximum filtering, temporal IIR filtering dependent upon spatial-temporal variance, and spatial variance dependent moving-still interpolation blending factor.

A method is used for inspecting at least one copy of a printed product. At least one element, which is spatially constant with respect to a fixed reference point and at least one element which is spatially variant with respect to the same fixed reference point are reliably inspected by reference image data being used for a desired-actual value comparison of the at least one spatially variant element. The reference image data takes account of the variable position of the at least one element; i.e. the spatial variance thereof.

A method for identifying stochastic information of a heterogeneous material utilizes physical loading measurements that are input into a global optimization process. The optimization process executes, in parallel, a force-driven non-linear finite element simulation and a displacement-driven finite element simulation of a constitutive model of the heterogeneous material. The constitutive models model the spatially varying random material properties (i.e. stochastic properties) using the Karhunen-Loeve expansion, thereby introducing the stochastic parameters, including spatial mean, spatial variance, and correlation length for example into the models. Stress and strain values for both the force-driven and displacement driven finite element analyzes are input into an objective function, whereupon the finite element simulations are updated after each iteration of the optimization process is performed until the objective function is minimized to a desired level. This results in the identification of optimized stochastic parameters associated with the heterogeneous material under investigation.