The invention provides an X-ray protective system for newborns. The X-ray protective system is composed of a protective compartment, supporting legs (11) and castors (12), wherein the protective compartment is connected to the supporting legs (11) and the castors (12); the protective compartment is composed of three layers, namely a protective layer, a baby fixing layer and an IP plate layer, andthe protective layer, the baby fixing layer and the IP plate layer are mutually connected, so that the movable two-drawer protective compartment is defined; the baby fixing layer is arranged on an upper drawer (6) and the IP plate layer is arranged on a lower drawer (7); a panel protective layer is arranged on the position of a panel on the upper surface of the protective compartment, and the panel protective layer is composed of three parts, namely an anti-radiation panel (1), telescopic protective plates (3) and a radiation window (4); the radiation window (4) is formed in the center of theanti-radiation panel (1); and the telescopic protective plates (3) are arranged at four sides of the radiation window (4) via sliding devices. According to the X-ray protective system for newborns, harm of radioactive materials to the bodies of baby patients can be avoided, so that physical health of the baby patients and medical personnel can be guaranteed. The newborns can be kept conveniently,so that doctors are facilitated in operation.