The invention discloses a 2-(2'-hydroxyl styryl) naphthyridine probe reagent and preparation and application thereof. The probe reagent is mainly prepared by concentrated sulfuric acid, sodium 3-nitrobenzene sulfonate, boric acid, FeSO4.7H2O, 2-amino-6-picoline, salicylide, glycerol and acetic anhydride. The 2-(2'-hydroxyl styryl) naphthyridine probe reagent has the advantages that the probe reagent can selectively detect various target ions, single-probe, multi-target and multi-mode identification and detection are achieved, and the probe reagent can be used for detecting Hg<2+>, Ag<+> and F<-> ions; a probe is simple in structure, low in preparation cost, diversified in detection and identification manners, high in detection sensitivity, good in selectivity, excellent in performance, easy in operation condition control and promising in application prospect.