The invention relates to the technical field of wireless network communication, in particular to a random shortest path routing method. The method comprises the steps that 1, a random value n is set by a user, and the n represents the number of transmission paths of a data packet; 2, the number k of all usable paths of the data packet from an initial point to a destination point is determined; 3, mu random paths are determined, n is compared with k, if n is larger than k, mu is equal to k, otherwise, mu is equal to n; 4, a routing table is updated; 5, the data packet is sent on the mu random paths determined in the third step in a random mode. According to the random shortest path routing method, randomness is introduced, transmission of the data packet is unpredictable, the transmission paths of the data packet is jointly determined by the n set by the user and a network topological structure, the paths passed by the data packet are unpredictable, data passing through each path is only one part of the data packet, and a network intruder cannot obtain a complete data packet.