The invention discloses a small three-dimensional synthetic material forming machine. The small three-dimensional synthetic material forming machine comprises a forming machine body and a forming controller, wherein the forming machine body comprises a material frame, an extruder, a forming platform, a horizontal plane movement mechanism, a vertical plane movement mechanism and a supporting-carrying mechanism; the horizontal plane movement mechanism comprises a horizontal fixed box and a Y-axis movement mechanism; the vertical plane movement mechanism comprises an X-axis movement mechanism and a Z-axis movement mechanism; the extruder comprises a material extrusion motor, a hot spray head and a cooling fan; the forming controller comprises a microcontroller module, a power supply, a key circuit, a temperature detection circuit, a liquid crystal display circuit module, a hot spray head drive circuit, an X-axis motor drive circuit, a Y-axis motor drive circuit, a Z-axis motor drive circuit and a material extrusion motor drive circuit. The invention further discloses a forming temperature control method for the small three-dimensional synthetic material forming machine. The small three-dimensional synthetic material forming machine and the forming temperature control method disclosed by the invention are convenient to operate, high in extendibility, low in production cost, high in forming efficiency and quality, high in practicability, and convenient to popularize and use.