The invention discloses a wireless monitoring system of a municipal pipe network, which is composed of a monitoring node, a Sink node, an upper computer, relevant communication protocols and application software and the like. Optimizing methods for a wireless self-organization communication protocol, energy-saving application, monitoring position selection and the like are further disclosed. The optimizing methods of the wireless self-organization communication protocol include precise synchronization, failure prediction, frequency conversion interference, time division optimization, channel space optimization sharing and the like. An energy-saving application optimizing method includes model selection of low power consumption hardware, design of a power supply protective circuit, optimizing design of a circuit board, a dormant optimizing mechanism, duty ratio optimization, transmission power optimization and the like. A point position optimizing selecting method is particularly a method for searching the most sensitive point in a certain monitoring area. By means of the various optimizing methods, low cost, low power consumption, safety, reliability, intelligence, efficiency and automation of monitoring of the municipal pipe network are achieved.