48 results about "Dirt road" patented technology

The utility model discloses a road slope earth shoulder drainage system which comprises a water outlet piece, an earth shoulder vertical curb water blocking belt, a transverse drainage pipe assembly, a longitudinal drainage pipe and a base. The water outlet piece and the earth shoulder vertical curb water blocking belt are arranged on the edge of a highway pavement and used for collecting water in a centralized mode. The base is embedded in a side slope; the longitudinal drainage pipe is arranged on the base, and the longitudinal drainage pipe is longitudinally arranged in the advancing direction of a road; one end of the transverse drainage pipe assembly is connected with the water outlet piece and the earth shoulder vertical curb water blocking belt, and the other end of the transverse drainage pipe assembly is connected with the longitudinal drainage pipe. The longitudinal drainage pipe is provided with a plurality of sections, and the plurality of sections of the longitudinal drainage pipe are communicated with one another and finally communicated to a rain sewage outlet point. The drainage ditch is suitable for the conditions that drainage of a highway embankment drainage ditch arranged by utilizing gravity flow is unsmooth, natural water systems on the ground surface are deficient or land use is limited and the like; according to the utility model, fewer water outlet points of a natural water system can be reasonably utilized to form a complete drainage system.

The utility model provides an earth shoulder side slope slip form structure, which relates to the technical field of road construction, and comprises a baffle plate, one surface of the baffle plate facing the advancing direction forms a working surface so as to make contact with one side edge of an earth shoulder through the working surface to trim the earth shoulder, and the baffle plate comprises a horizontally extending first baffle plate and a second baffle plate connected to the tail end of the first baffle plate, the tail end of the second baffle inclines forwards and downwards. The supporting plate is used for being connected with a bucket of the excavator and the baffle so that the baffle can be driven by the excavator to move forwards, and the supporting plate is connected to the back face of the baffle. The road shoulder slope construction quality is improved, the flatness is good, the line shape is straight, the appearance is attractive and elegant, the overall stability is good, manpower and material resources are saved, energy consumption is reduced, meanwhile, the production efficiency is greatly improved, procedure connection is facilitated, and the safety risk is reduced.

The invention discloses a geogrid and EICP synergistically reinforced soil embankment structure and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of soil embankment structures. Comprising a pavement base layer, an embankment bearing layer and a natural soil foundation layer, and the natural soil foundation layer is used as a soil embankment structure support and is arranged at the bottommost layer; the pavement base layer is used for bearing an upper driving load and uniformly transferring the upper driving load to the embankment bearing layer below; and the embankment bearing layer is used for bearing the upper load transmitted by the pavement base layer. The engineering performance is improved through the multi-layer synergistic effect, the core reinforcing layer is of an innovative space grid structure and is composed of a prefabricated geogrid, a grid support arranged in the inclined direction and a rigid stress plate frame, a three-dimensional force transmission network is formed, the limitation of a traditional reinforcing method is broken through, and the engineering performance is improved. In addition, the grating support is arranged at a specific angle, the structural rigidity is guaranteed, and the stress concentration phenomenon is avoided.

The utility model relates to a half-range alternate passage road-to-bridge structure for reconstruction and extension of a road. Comprising a double-steel-casing combined structure, an anchor cable reverse light soil embankment steel sheet pile protection structure used for half-range vertical excavation protection construction of the original road surface soil layer road-to-bridge change after bridge excavation, and a light soil embankment opposite-pull anchor cable steel sheet supporting structure used for slope protection construction of the original road surface soil layer road-to-bridge change after bridge excavation. The light soil embankment steel sheet pile protection structure has the advantages that the anchor cables are adopted for reversely building the light soil embankment steel sheet pile protection structure, a building envelope is formed through the steel sheet piles, extra supporting force is provided in combination with the anchor cables, and the stability of a foundation pit is effectively guaranteed; the light soil embankment opposite-pull anchor cable steel plate supporting structure is adopted, and the stability and the bearing capacity of a supporting system are effectively improved; the opposite-pulling anchor cables are arranged in the light soil embankment and are connected with the steel plates to form an integral stress structure, so that the soil body pressure is effectively dispersed, and the burden of the self weight of the embankment on a foundation is reduced.

The highway engineering slope protection device comprises a connecting plate, through holes are formed in the two sides of the connecting plate, the highway engineering slope protection device further comprises two expansion frames, an adjusting and limiting assembly, a protection net and a positioning assembly, the two expansion frames are hinged to the bottom of the side wall of the connecting plate, and the protection net is movably connected to the inner sides of the expansion frames through the adjusting and limiting assembly; the adjusting limiting assembly is slidably arranged on the outer wall of the expanding frame, and the positioning assembly penetrates through the connecting plate to be movably connected to the middle of the connecting plate and used for fixing the position of the connecting plate and adjusting the angle of the symmetrical expanding frame. The utility model belongs to the technical field of slope protection devices, and particularly relates to a highway engineering slope protection device which aims at water and soil conservation of soil shoulders on the two sides of a highway, improves the covering quality of a vegetation net and prevents gravel from rolling.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of road and bridge engineering, and particularly relates to a road water retaining wall structure. The water retaining wall is vertically arranged and extends in the length direction of the road, the upper end of the water retaining wall is higher than the driving surface of the road, and the lower end of the water retaining wall extends into the ground of the earth shoulder and is connected with the earth shoulder through a structural part; the water retaining wall is located on the side, close to the river / ditch, of the highway. And water flow or water in the river / ditch can be effectively prevented from flushing the road. The device has the advantages of stable structure, convenience in implementation, economy, high efficiency and the like.

The invention discloses a railway special line intelligent inspection robot system and a multi-mode sensing method thereof, and the system comprises a crawler-type mobile platform which is used for autonomously moving on a railway track and under complex road conditions along the line; the multi-mode sensing module is installed on the crawler-type mobile platform and used for collecting multi-source heterogeneous data of the railway infrastructure and the environment, therefore, the multi-mode sensing module is adopted, full-dimension recognition is achieved, the missing detection rate and the false detection rate are greatly reduced, the crawler-type mobile platform is adopted, the crawler-type structure is high in road holding force, the anti-interference capacity is outstanding, and the reliability of the system is improved. The robot can flexibly adapt to scene seamless switching of a track, a soil road along the line and a ramp, can complete operations such as close-range review and slight disposal of hidden dangers through the mechanical arm, makes up for the defect that existing equipment has no execution capability, does not need manual intervention into a closed loop, and greatly improves the inspection and disposal efficiency.

The invention relates to the technical field of landscape guardrails, in particular to a landscape guardrail installation method.The landscape guardrail comprises a guardrail body, the guardrail body comprises a stand column, a cross beam connected to one side of the stand column, a first connecting piece connected between the stand column and the cross beam and a second connecting piece connected between the stand column and the ground; the stand column is provided with a connecting section and a bent section connected to the lower side of the connecting section, the first connecting piece is connected to the connecting section, the second connecting piece is connected to the bent section, the bent section is located between the cross beam and the ground, and the bent section is bent towards the side away from the cross beam. Through the arrangement of the bent sections of the stand columns, the lower foundations of the stand columns deviate towards the roadside, on the premise that the overall protection capacity of the guardrail and the thickness of a protection layer on the outer sides of the stand columns are guaranteed, the occupation of the guardrail on the road surface and the earth shoulder width is reduced, the construction cost of road surface buildings is reduced, and the stand columns are suitable for road sections with limited construction spaces such as the near water and the near cliff.

Method for predicting and activating AWD on a route, where a process - Receives weather data (401) and uses this data to determine whether AWD and / or 4WD should be automatically activated or deactivated, and at the - any areas on the route corresponding to gravel, dirt or otherwise unpaved roads are considered first (403), with a flag being set (405) for each of these areas, and - wherein a predetermined distance or time before reaching these areas the process activates AWD, wherein the process also checks whether any weather warnings indicating possible upcoming weather over regions of the route exist for the time the vehicle is predicted to travel (407), wherein the process sets a flag for AWD or 4WD for these areas (409) if there are any weather warnings for any regions of the route, and wherein if and when the vehicle encounters an area with a flag set (411), the process checks whether a timestamp is associated with the area (413), and if there is no timestamp, activates AWD (417) shortly before the vehicle enters the area with a flag set, or wherein alternatively, a point on the route is set at which AWD is to be activated and another point at which AWD is to be deactivated.

The utility model relates to a sidewalk paving structure which comprises a plain soil roadbed layer, a broken stone hardcore, a concrete layer and a mortar leveling layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, long-strip-shaped bases are arranged on the upper side of the mortar leveling layer side by side, and clamping grooves are formed in the two sides of the upper end face of each long-strip-shaped base in the length direction of the long-strip-shaped base. A row of floor tiles are laid on the upper side of the connecting position of every two adjacent long-strip-shaped bases in the length direction of the long-strip-shaped bases, protrusions are arranged at the positions, corresponding to the clamping grooves, of the two ends of the lower end faces of the floor tiles and clamped in the clamping grooves, gaps are reserved between every two adjacent rows of floor tiles, and drainage grooves are formed in the two ends of the long-strip-shaped bases. The drainage groove is perpendicular to the long-strip-shaped base and lower than the upper end face of the long-strip-shaped base, drainage pipes are arranged at the bottom of the drainage groove at intervals, the drainage pipes are communicated with a municipal rainwater pipeline, and damage of rainwater to the mortar leveling layer can be reduced.

The utility model discloses a roadbed and pavement drainage engineering structure which comprises a medial strip drainage unit and a roadbed drainage unit which are located in the middle of a road. The medial strip drainage unit comprises a longitudinal sewer, a water collecting well and a transverse drainage pipe; the longitudinal sewers are communicated with the water-collecting wells, and transverse drainage pipes are mounted in the water-collecting wells; the roadbed drainage unit comprises a side ditch, an intercepting ditch, a drop, a torrent groove and a drainage ditch, and the torrent groove is used for connecting upper water flow and lower water flow at the position where the surface slope is large; the catchwater is located on a slope of an excavation road section, the drainage ditch is located on a fill road section, side ditches on the side edges of the earth shoulder converge to the drainage ditch through torrent grooves, and the catchwater converges to the drainage ditch through drop water; and the other side edge of the earth shoulder is provided with a rhombic grid protection slope or an arched protection slope. Therefore, the drainage of the medial strip and the drainage of the roadbed can be integrated, so that the drainage of the roadbed and the pavement is smoother, and the stability and the safety of the mountain and the roadbed are improved.

According to the road surface type identification method and system based on the inertial measurement signals, the three-axis acceleration and angular velocity data of a multi-band inertial measurement unit (IMU) are obtained by constructing a suspension, tire and vehicle body multi-point distributed sensing system, and the sensing capacity of response differences of different road surface structures is enhanced; the method comprises the following steps of: introducing a multi-head attention mechanism into a CNN-LSTM (Convolutional Neural Networks, Long Short-Term Memory) network, and realizing focusing extraction of a key time sequence and channel characteristics; and meanwhile, a Kepler optimization algorithm (KOA) is adopted to cooperatively search key hyper-parameters, so that the robustness and generalization ability of the road surface identification model are improved. According to the method, various pavement types such as asphalt, concrete, green stone plates, cobblestones and earth roads can be identified, and the method can be applied to perception of an automatic driving platform on a pavement environment.

The invention relates to the technical field of road construction, and discloses a prestressed reinforced soil embankment construction method which comprises the steps of site leveling, wall surface foundation construction, retaining structure and embankment core construction, tie bar net layer construction, prestressed rib net layer construction, cast-in-place outer wall surface and wall top pressing plate construction, formwork removal and prestressed tensioning. Each layer of the embankment filler and each layer of the reverse osmosis filler can be compacted, the compaction degree of the embankment filler and the reverse osmosis filler is improved, and due to the fact that the reinforced net reversely wraps the geotechnical bags of the geotechnical bag layer and then extends into the embankment core, the integrity and stability of the embankment can be improved. The wall face foundation supports the geotechnical bag blocking body and the cast-in-place outer wall face, the reinforced net plays a role in connecting the embankment core and the geotechnical bag blocking body together, the tie bar net plays a role in connecting the embankment core and the cast-in-place outer wall face together, and the embankment core and the cast-in-place outer wall face are connected together through the pressure plate, the prestressed rib net and the anchor head. The integrity and the stability of the embankment are ensured.

The invention relates to the technical field of road construction, in particular to a dump truck unloading paver hopper for earth shoulder paving, which comprises a main frame and a conveying belt mechanism mounted at the lower end of the main frame, an upper unloading bin is movably assembled on the upper surface of the main frame through an overhead adjusting disc, and an electric control type unloading hopper is mounted at a lateral opening of the upper unloading bin. And an electric control type paving mechanism is arranged at the position of a discharge port of the electric control type discharge hopper. According to the unloading paver hopper of the dumper for paving the earth shoulder, the electric control type unloading hopper is installed at the lateral opening position of the upper unloading bin, the side hanging type lifting adjusting mechanism is used for driving the electric control type unloading hopper to ascend and descend, the unloading paver hopper can adapt to different paving heights, and the application range is wider; the electric control type discharge hopper is composed of the lifting hopper and the extension hopper which is slidably controlled through the telescopic supporting rod, so that the paving and discharging width of the electric control type discharge hopper can be freely changed, and the operable range is more diversified.

The invention provides a multi-task perception method and device for a cross-country pavement, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the processing of an RGB image through a detail extraction model, and obtaining low-dimensional detail features; processing the RGB image by using the semantic extraction model to obtain a high-dimensional semantic feature; processing the point cloud data by using a Point Pillars network to obtain elevation features; fusing the low-dimensional detail features, the high-dimensional semantic features, the elevation features and the IMU features by using a fusion model to obtain fused features; encoding the fusion features by using a shared encoder to obtain general features; processing the general features by using a pavement classification decoder to obtain a pavement classification result; processing the general features by using a pavement segmentation decoder to obtain a pavement segmentation result; and processing the general features by using a pavement roughness quantization decoder to obtain a pavement roughness quantization result. According to the method, precise classification of typical off-road pavements such as earth roads, grass roads and gravel roads can be realized.

The utility model discloses a municipal road subgrade splicing structure, which relates to the technical field of road construction and comprises a soft soil subgrade layer I, a soft soil subgrade layer II and a concrete subgrade layer, the soft soil subgrade layer I and the concrete subgrade layer I are old road section structural layers, and the soft soil subgrade layer II is a new road section structural layer obtained by tamping; the concrete foundation layer I is poured at the upper part of the soft soil roadbed layer I and is used for laying the asphalt / concrete surface layer; a plurality of steps are arranged on one side, close to the soft soil, of the concrete foundation layer I on the roadbed layer II, the widths of the plurality of steps are different, and the step surfaces are chiseling surfaces; a plurality of sinking grooves and rib holes are formed in the step, and vertical ribs upwards extending out of the rib holes are arranged in the rib holes; a second concrete foundation layer is poured on the second soft soil roadbed layer and extends to the steps. The method has the effect of reducing the cracking and deformation probability of new and old pavements.

The utility model relates to the technical field of road construction, and discloses a prestressed reinforced soil embankment retaining structure, which is characterized in that a plurality of geotechnical bag layers of a geotechnical bag retaining body are stacked on a wall foundation and are positioned on the outer side of a reverse osmosis layer; the reinforced net reversely wraps the plurality of geotechnical bag layers and extends into the embankment core; the cast-in-place outer wall face is arranged on the wall face foundation and located on the outer side of the geotechnical bag blocking body. One end of each lacing wire net is arranged in the dike core, and the other end of each lacing wire net is connected with reinforcing bars of the cast-in-place outer wall surface; one end of each prestressed rib net is connected with a pressure plate, the other end of each prestressed rib net is connected with the outer side face of the cast-in-place outer wall face through an anchor head, the prestressed rib net located on the left side of the dike core is connected with the pressure plate located on the right side of the dike core, and the prestressed rib net located on the right side of the dike core is connected with the pressure plate located on the left side of the dike core. The embankment retaining structure and the embankment core are constructed at the same time, and the advantages that the embankment can be rapidly filled, filler is fully compacted, the left and right distribution pressure plates apply pressure oppositely, the ultimate pulling resistance is high, and the overall stability is high can be achieved.

The utility model discloses a construction, operation and maintenance road for a desert photovoltaic power station in the technical field of road construction, which comprises a geocell, a red clay layer and a thick mud gravel surface layer which are sequentially arranged on a sand roadbed from bottom to top, the geocell is filled with fine gravels, earth shoulders are arranged on the red clay layer along two sides of the road, and the thick mud gravel surface layer is arranged on the red clay layer along two sides of the road. A groove-shaped space formed by the earth shoulder and the red clay layer is filled with the thick mud gravel surface layer. The earthwork standard room is used as a middle roadbed body, the structural strength of the roadbed can be improved, the effect of stabilizing the bottom sand roadbed is achieved, the earthwork standard room and the thick mud gravel surface layer are connected through the red clay layer, red clay has high viscosity, the roadbed strength is improved after the red clay is combined with sandy soil, the load of the road surface layer is evenly transmitted to the roadbed, and the roadbed structure is stable. The pavement cracking condition is reduced; most materials of the whole road are obtained locally, construction and operation and maintenance requirements of desert photovoltaic power stations are met, cost is low, and ecological environmental protection is facilitated.

The utility model relates to the technical field of ridging and distributing devices, and discloses an automatic ridging and distributing device for an earth shoulder of an expressway, which comprises a transport vehicle, a guardrail is fixedly connected to the top of the transport vehicle, a stock bin is fixedly connected to the inside of the guardrail, a support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the transport vehicle, and a first motor is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame. A plurality of rollers are rotationally connected into the supporting frame, one end of one roller is connected with the output end of the first motor, a conveying belt is arranged on the outer walls of the rollers, and a material distribution assembly is arranged on the top of the transport vehicle. According to the utility model, by controlling the flow speed of the stock bin and the rotating speed of the conveying belt and flexibly adjusting the blanking amount, the effect of uniformly distributing the soil on the soil shoulder is realized, and the problems that the uniform distribution is difficult to realize, the soil amount in the road shoulder area is too much or too little, and the soil is easy to scatter on the road surface and pollutes the road surface are solved; therefore, the material distribution efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a road for a whole vehicle reinforced corrosion test, which relates to the technical field of test roads, and comprises a mud road, which has a certain radian and a fan-shaped circle center formed by the radian; the gravel road and the slurry road are located in the same sector circle center and located on the inner side of the slurry road, so that a pavement structure with the arc length smaller than that of the slurry road is formed; the semi-closed dust hole is formed between the gravel road and the fan-shaped circle center, so that the semi-closed dust hole is combined with the slurry road and the gravel road side by side; and the acid soil is laid on the dust hole and the slurry road. The dust hole is semi-closed and contains specific component acid soil, and the driving scene of automobiles on earth roads in the European market is simulated. And meanwhile, the semi-closed dust hole is arranged, so that the influence of the external environment on the test sample vehicle during the test is avoided, and the test quality is improved. The gravel road and the slurry road with radians fill up the problem that the impact influence of gravel and slurry on the area below the vehicle body when the vehicle turns cannot be simulated by the previous linear road surface design, and the corrosion assessment is more comprehensive.

The utility model discloses a bridge and culvert height-limiting protective frame structure suitable for earth roads and sandstone roads, which relates to the technical field of bridge and culvert height-limiting protective frames and comprises a pair of seamless steel tube stand columns and a height-limiting cross beam positioned at the upper ends of the seamless steel tube stand columns. The upper ends of the seamless steel pipe stand columns are connected with the height limiting cross beam through flanges, the lower ends of the seamless steel pipe stand columns are connected with foundations through flanges, and a ground beam is arranged between the foundations. In work points such as a soil road and a sand stone road, the ground beam can enlarge the foundation bottom area, reduce the foundation pressure of unit area and prevent overlarge local settlement, the ground beam is of a reinforced concrete structure, the clear height from the height limiting cross beam to the road surface can be effectively controlled, the risk that bridges and culverts are collided by vehicles is avoided, and safety is improved.

The utility model discloses a kind of levelling devices for salinized soil roadbed construction, belong to roadbed construction technical field, including first mounting bracket, the first mounting bracket top end is fixedly connected with support plate, the support plate bottom end is equipped with scraping assembly, the first mounting bracket one end is fixedly connected with rolling assembly;In the utility model, by being provided with push plate in, when being constructed, can be moved by rotating threaded rod and drive mounting plate and drive push plate to move downwards, to be able to push the excessively high soil heap by push plate when moving, by this design, when the soil road is leveled, the soil after rotary tillage can be flattened by push plate, so that the balance of pressure wheel is affected, while when being compacted by pressure wheel, the surface of pressure wheel can be wiped by scraper to avoid more soil being adhered to the surface of pressure wheel.

This invention discloses an embankment structure and construction method reinforced by geogrid and EICP, belonging to the field of embankment structure technology. It includes: a road base course, an embankment bearing layer, and a natural soil foundation layer. The natural soil foundation layer serves as the structural support for the embankment and is located at the bottom layer. The road base course bears the upper traffic load and evenly transfers it to the lower embankment bearing layer. The embankment bearing layer bears the upper load transferred from the road base course. This invention improves engineering performance through multi-layered synergistic effects. The core reinforcement layer adopts an innovative spatial grid structure, composed of prefabricated geogrids, obliquely arranged geogrid supports, and rigid load-bearing plates, forming a three-dimensional force transmission network. This overcomes the limitations of traditional reinforcement methods, achieving multi-directional load transfer and uniform distribution. Furthermore, the geogrid supports are arranged at a specific angle, ensuring structural rigidity while avoiding stress concentration.

This invention relates to the field of road shoulder slipforming technology, specifically a slipforming casting device for highway soil shoulders. It includes a top shell with a connecting component fixedly connected to one side for connection to a slipform paver. A mold mechanism is located inside the top shell, comprising two side plates. Multiple guide rails are fixedly connected to the top surface of the top shell, and the tops of both side plates are slidably engaged with these guide rails. In this invention, the road soil is limited by the top shell and mold mechanism, and the road soil is evenly distributed by a dispersing mechanism. The road soil is then vibrated and compacted by the forming mechanism to form a road shoulder. If a defective road shoulder appears, it can be cut and broken by the dispersing mechanism to restore the road shoulder to its original road soil state. The road soil is then pre-compressed by the dispersing mechanism, and then compacted by the forming mechanism, facilitating the reconstruction of the road soil.

The present invention discloses a railway embankment pile-net composite structure, which includes a plurality of pile foundations arranged in the embankment section along the layout direction of the protective flat net and a capping beam fixedly arranged above the pile foundations. The pile foundations are arranged at the shoulder top of the earthen shoulder or on the outer side of the shoulder wall. A concrete cable trench is fixedly arranged inside the capping beam, and a protective flat net is fixedly arranged outside the capping beam. By adding pile foundations to the embankment section and adding a protective flat net to the outer end of the capping beam in the filled section, the capping beam arranged above the pile foundations not only widens the shoulder, but also facilitates the walking of operators and the up-and-down movement of small railway maintenance vehicles, which is convenient for operation and conducive to ensuring personal safety.

The invention belongs to the technical field of road paving, and particularly discloses a construction method for large-thickness paving of a cement-stabilized gravel base layer, which comprises the following steps: screening a gravel material, controlling the ratio of cement to the gravel material during mixing, controlling the water content to be 4.77%, adding water according to the environment temperature, controlling the maximum dry density to be 2.365 g / m < 3 >, and constructing an earth shoulder during paving. Controlling the thickness and the speed of virtual paving by paving, rolling by using road rollers with different tonnages, finishing the surface until no wheel mark exists after initial pressing, re-pressing and final pressing, then performing depth detection, and finally performing film covering and watering maintenance; by strictly controlling the content of raw materials and cement, the water content, the maximum dry density, the paving thickness and grinding, shrinkage cracks caused by sudden change of water gradient are reduced, so that the problems that the water evaporation speed of the raw materials of the cement-stabilized base layer in an arid climate region is too high in the subsequent construction stage, the shrinkage cracks appear on the cement-stabilized base layer, and the construction quality is influenced are solved. Therefore, the strength is reduced.

The present application relates to a kind of compact tunnel inner profile design method based on highway full shoulder width, belong to underground engineering technical field.The method by collecting the basic information of the road section where tunnel is located, the highway clearance of the road section where tunnel is located and the additional clearance of soil shoulder width are drafted, and jointly constitute tunnel building clearance;From the top edge and top corner edge of highway clearance, top positioning base point is established, and top part of tunnel inner profile is drafted according to 5 base points+7 control points+3 arc segment method;From the bottom edge of tunnel building clearance, bottom positioning base point is established, and bottom part of tunnel inner profile is drafted according to 5 base points+7 control points+3 arc segment method;From the bottom edge of tunnel building clearance, bottom positioning base point is established, and two side walls of tunnel inner profile are drafted according to 2 base points+6 control points+4 straight line segment method;Top part, bottom part and two side walls of inner profile are combined to constitute complete tunnel inner profile.The present application can not only truly meet the requirement that tunnel should be same width with roadbed, but also avoid tunnel section space waste, with strong economy, practicality and application significance.

This invention relates to a construction method for converting a half-width alternating traffic road into a bridge structure in highway reconstruction and expansion, including two construction methods: bridge-before-excavation and excavation-before-bridge. The beneficial effects of this invention are: It employs a lightweight earth embankment with sheet pile protection structure using anchor cables, forming a retaining structure through the sheet piles and providing additional support through anchor cables, effectively ensuring the stability of the foundation pit. During construction, the reverse construction method is used to gradually excavate downwards, reducing the risk of collapse and deformation. Simultaneously, the half-width vertical excavation method reduces the impact on the surrounding environment and traffic, making it suitable for construction scenarios in confined spaces such as underground engineering, tunnels, and subway foundation pits. It has advantages such as high construction flexibility, strong safety, and high efficiency. Before bridge construction, the pre-drilled pile foundation is constructed using a double steel casing combination structure, ensuring the stability and bearing capacity of the roadbed and pile foundation, and reducing the disturbance of the completed structure to subsequent excavation.

The application provides a novel farmland road structure, which is paved on farmland base soil and comprises, from bottom to top, a mesh cloth layer, a water guide grid layer, a sand cushion layer and a solidified soil layer. The mesh cloth layer is covered on the farmland base soil, the water guide grid layer is covered on the mesh cloth layer and comprises an HDPE three-dimensional honeycomb grid, the height of the HDPE three-dimensional honeycomb grid is set as 150±50 mm, the sand cushion layer is filled in the HDPE three-dimensional honeycomb grid, the sand cushion layer is composed of medium coarse sand and / or gravel, and the solidified soil layer is covered on the sand cushion layer. The three-dimensional composite framework structure composed of the water guide grid layer and the sand cushion layer effectively disperses the upper vehicle load to a larger area of the base layer, greatly improves the overall rigidity and anti-deformation capacity of the road, effectively avoids the rut and subsidence problems of the traditional soil road under the rolling of heavy agricultural machinery, and the overlying solidified soil layer further provides a solid and flat driving surface.

The present specification discloses an earthing stick device which enables earthing with a palm by using a stick used for dirt roads or hiking. The earthing stick device according to the present specification comprises: a ground contact part positioned at one end and made of a conductive material; a ground handle part located at the other end, including a hollow therein, and made of a conductive material; a plurality of connection sticks located between the ground contact part and the ground handle part, and including a hollow therein; and a ground connection line part located inside the ground handle part and the plurality of connection sticks, and having one end electrically connected to the ground contact part and the other end electrically connected to the ground handle part, wherein at least a portion of the ground connection line part may be formed in a spring structure.