The invention discloses a deep convolutional neural network-based lung cancer preventing self-service health cloud service system. The system comprises a convolutional neural network used for deep learning and training identification, a segmentation module which segments out a lung region from a CT image based on a full convolutional neural network, a deep convolutional neural network used for lung cancer diagnosis classification, and a self-service health cloud service platform used for performing early prevention and treatment according to an identified suspected lung cancer type. According to the system, the automation and intelligentization level of mobile internet-based lung cancer screening can be effectively improved, more citizens can know and participate in self-service health detection, assessment and guidance, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of early lung cancer screening and clinical diagnosis are improved, the lung cancer can be early discovered, early diagnosed and early treated, and the self-health management capability is enhanced.